FSHR

G protein-coupled receptor for follitropin, the follicle-stimulating hormone. Mediates FSH signaling through cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathways to regulate ovarian follicular development and steroidogenesis. Has diverse extragonadal functions: signals via a GNAI2-coupled FSHR on osteoclasts and their precursors, resulting in activation of MEK/ERK, NF-kappa-B, and AKT pathways and thus increases osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption (By similarity). Regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells in a bell curve manner, with moderate FSH levels promoting insulin secretion via Galphas/cAMP/PKA pathways while high FSH levels inhibit this effect through Galphai coupling (By similarity). In adipose tissue, inhibits thermogenesis by suppressing UCP1 expression and promotes lipogenesis via CREB/PPARgamma pathways (By similarity). Also affects hepatic cholesterol metabolism by increasing serum total and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by inhibiting the expression of LDL receptor (LDLR)..

Function from UniProtKB (P23945), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.