Endpoint

Superoxide dismutase activity

CAT:outcome/superoxide-dismutase-activityreported in U/mL

Method

Superoxide dismutase enzymatic activity in erythrocyte lysate, whole blood or serum, by inhibition-of-substrate-oxidation assay, expressed per gram haemoglobin or per millilitre as stated on the edge.

The method is part of the endpoint identity. Studies measuring the same quantity by a different method are held as separate endpoints.

Notes

One of the four enzymes that make up the antioxidant panel almost every supplement trial in this corpus reports. Activity, not concentration — an immunoassay measuring enzyme protein is a different quantity and does not belong on this node. The denominator varies between laboratories and is recorded on the edge rather than normalised here, because converting between per-gram-haemoglobin and per-millilitre needs a haematocrit nobody reports.

Findings

2 findings from 2 compounds, strongest first.

coenzyme Q10 — no detected effect on
Well establishedGrade A, Well established. Replicated human trial evidence, consistent direction.FindingNull result
“As shown in Table 2, the between-group comparison revealed no significant difference between CoQ10 and placebo groups at the end of the study for MDA (P = 0.692), SOD activity (P = 0.633), and TAC (P = 0.865).”
Quoted verbatim from Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in burn patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial..
Study

RCT
Participants

52
Duration

10 days
Dose

100 mg three times a day after meals, total 300 mg/day
Population

Adults aged 18-65 with 20-60% total body surface area burns admitted to a burn ICU in Isfahan, Iran, all receiving routine burn care and the unit's standard vitamin, selenium, zinc and B-complex supplementation in both arms; primary outcome.
Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in burn patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.2024PMID:38431600
curcumin — increases
LikelyGrade B, Likely. Human evidence, limited replication or design limits.Finding
“Compared to the placebo group, curcumin supplementation significantly enhanced antioxidant defenses, as evidenced by increased levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.”
Quoted verbatim from Curcumin Attenuates Liver Steatosis via Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial..
Study

RCT
Duration

12 months
Dose

Oral ethanolic Curcuma longa rhizome extract standardised to 75-85% total curcuminoids, 250 mg curcuminoids per capsule, three capsules twice daily (1500 mg curcuminoids/day) for 12 months
Population

Obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus managed on metformin (age >=35 y, BMI >=23 kg/m2, HbA1c <6.5%), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand; 227 randomised, per-protocol analysis and the analysed count is not reported in the paper; secondary endpoint (declared primary outcome: liver steatosis by controlled attenuation parameter on transient elastography); SOD by RANSOD colorimetric assay
Curcumin Attenuates Liver Steatosis via Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial.2025PMID:41096556Industry funded

Method

The method is part of the endpoint identity. Studies measuring the same quantity by a different method are held as separate endpoints.

Notes

Findings

2 findings from 2 compounds, strongest first.

coenzyme Q10 — no detected effect on

Well establishedFindingNull result

“As shown in Table 2, the between-group comparison revealed no significant difference between CoQ10 and placebo groups at the end of the study for MDA (P = 0.692), SOD activity (P = 0.633), and TAC (P = 0.865).”

Study: RCT
Participants: 52
Duration: 10 days
Dose: 100 mg three times a day after meals, total 300 mg/day
Population: Adults aged 18-65 with 20-60% total body surface area burns admitted to a burn ICU in Isfahan, Iran, all receiving routine burn care and the unit's standard vitamin, selenium, zinc and B-complex supplementation in both arms; primary outcome.

Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in burn patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.2024PMID:38431600

curcumin — increases

LikelyFinding

“Compared to the placebo group, curcumin supplementation significantly enhanced antioxidant defenses, as evidenced by increased levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.”

Study: RCT
Duration: 12 months
Dose: Oral ethanolic Curcuma longa rhizome extract standardised to 75-85% total curcuminoids, 250 mg curcuminoids per capsule, three capsules twice daily (1500 mg curcuminoids/day) for 12 months
Population: Obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus managed on metformin (age >=35 y, BMI >=23 kg/m2, HbA1c <6.5%), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand; 227 randomised, per-protocol analysis and the analysed count is not reported in the paper; secondary endpoint (declared primary outcome: liver steatosis by controlled attenuation parameter on transient elastography); SOD by RANSOD colorimetric assay

Curcumin Attenuates Liver Steatosis via Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial.2025PMID:41096556Industry funded