Endpoint

Serum leptin

A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from white adipocytes. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the central nervous system in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.

Definition from MeSH (D020738), National Library of Medicine, read 2026-09-23. NLM revises MeSH; this copy may not reflect its current record.

CAT:outcome/serum-leptinreported in ng/mL10 findings from 6 compounds

Open in the graph

What moved it

How to read these marks

10 findings · 6 compounds · 3 null · by evidence strength

Compound	Direction	Findings	Strongest evidence
curcumin	down	4	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
coenzyme Q10	down	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
resveratrol	no effect	2	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.
L-glutamine	down	1	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.
Moringa oleifera	down	1	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.
sucralose	no effect	1	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.

Reported to move it

7 findings

coenzyme Q10 — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“Remarkably, a meta-analysis of included studies revealed significant reduction of leptin levels in individuals on CoQ10 supplementation when compared to those on placebo (SMD: −0.59 [95% CI: −0.98, −0.21]; I2 = 0%, p = 0.37).”
Quoted verbatim from Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Improves Adipokine Levels and Alleviates Inflammation and Lipid Peroxidation in Conditions of Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults with metabolic syndrome; meta-analysis of 6 RCTs (318 participants)
Effect -0.59 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -0.98 to -0.21
Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Improves Adipokine Levels and Alleviates Inflammation and Lipid Peroxidation in Conditions of Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2020PMID:32375340Permalink
curcumin — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Findingreplicated ×3
“The results showed that curcumin intake among individuals with metabolic diseases significantly reduced leptin (SMD −0.97; 95% CI, −1.18, −0.75; P < 0.001) and increased adiponectin levels (SMD 1.05; 95% CI, 0.23, 1.87; P = 0.01).”
Quoted verbatim from The Effects of Curcumin on Weight Loss Among Patients With Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

individuals with metabolic diseases, compared to placebo (pooled meta-analysis)
Effect -0.97 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -1.18 to -0.75
The Effects of Curcumin on Weight Loss Among Patients With Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2019PMID:31249528Permalink
curcumin — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×3
“Meta-analysis showed a significant decrease in plasma leptin concentrations following curcumin treatment (standardized mean difference: -0.69, 95% confidence interval: -1.16, -0.23, p = 0.003; I2 = 76.53%).”
Quoted verbatim from Curcuminoids Lower Plasma Leptin Concentrations: A Meta-analysis..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults (mixed populations pooled across curcumin RCTs measuring leptin)
Effect -0.69 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -1.16 to -0.23
Curcuminoids Lower Plasma Leptin Concentrations: A Meta-analysis.2017PMID:28880413Permalink
L-glutamine — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Finding
“Serum levels of leptin, interleukin-6, cholesterol, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein, as well as the ratio of oxidized low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein, were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group after exhaustive exercise (P < 0.05).”
Quoted verbatim from Glutamine supplementation can reduce some atherosclerosis markers after exhaustive exercise in young healthy males..
Study

RCT
Duration

14 days
Dose

0.3 g glutamine per kilogram body weight per day, oral, for 14 days, with 25 g sugar in 250 mL water
Population

Healthy young males (n=30, 15 per group) given oral glutamine 0.3 g/kg/day for 14 days then performing one session of exhaustive exercise, vs isocaloric sugar-water control
Glutamine supplementation can reduce some atherosclerosis markers after exhaustive exercise in young healthy males.2022PMID:34844156Permalink
curcumin — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×3
“Our results showed that curcumin intervention significantly reduced pulse wave velocity, increased level of serum adiponectin and decreased level of leptin.”
Quoted verbatim from Reduction of atherogenic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes by curcuminoid extract: a randomized controlled trial..
Study

RCT
Duration

6 months
Population

adults with type 2 diabetes
Reduction of atherogenic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes by curcuminoid extract: a randomized controlled trial.2014PMID:24445038Permalink
curcumin — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×3
“In conclusion, curcumin supplementation significantly increased circulating adiponectin and decreased leptin levels in adults.”
Quoted verbatim from The effect of curcumin supplementation on circulating adiponectin and leptin concentration in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults
The effect of curcumin supplementation on circulating adiponectin and leptin concentration in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.2024PMID:37980942Permalink

Show the remaining 1

Moringa oleifera — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Finding
“Noteworthy, insulin (7505 pg/mL ± 943.1 vs. 3335 pg/mL ± 889.2; p < 0.05, Figure 2D), PAI-1 (3824 pg/mL ± 867.2 vs. 1425 pg/mL ± 209.3; p < 0.05, Figure 2E) and leptin serum levels (44,373 pg/mL ± 5129 vs. 8718 pg/mL ± 4872; p < 0.01, Figure 2F) were significantly lower in the HF + MO group compared to the HF group.”
Quoted verbatim from Moringa oleifera Improves MAFLD by Inducing Epigenetic Modifications..
Study

animal · not in humans
Duration

8 weeks
Dose

150 uL of 62.5 mg/mL extract daily by orogastric cannula, calculated as 290 mg/kg
Population

Male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet with high-sugar drinking water for 16 weeks (NASH model); extract given for the final 8 weeks, compared with untreated high-fat-diet mice
Moringa oleifera Improves MAFLD by Inducing Epigenetic Modifications.2022PMID:36296907Permalink

Measured, no effect detected

3 findings

sucralose — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull result
“Sucralose intake is not associated with changes in fasting concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1, ghrelin, peptide tyrosine tyrosine, or leptin.”
Quoted verbatim from Sucralose Consumption over 2 Weeks in Healthy Subjects Does Not Modify Fasting Plasma Concentrations of Appetite-Regulating Hormones: A Randomized Clinical Trial..
Study

RCT
Duration

14 days
Dose

daily sucralose at 15% of the acceptable daily intake using commercial sachets added to food, 2 weeks
Population

Healthy, normal-weight adults without habitual nonnutritive sweetener consumption, Mexico City; fasting concentrations before and after 2 weeks
Sucralose Consumption over 2 Weeks in Healthy Subjects Does Not Modify Fasting Plasma Concentrations of Appetite-Regulating Hormones: A Randomized Clinical Trial.2020PMID:32711853Permalink
resveratrol — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1
“Meta-analysis of data from 5 treatment arms did not find any significant change in plasma leptin concentrations following resveratrol supplementation (WMD: 3.77ng/ml, 95% CI: -2.28, 9.83, p=0.222; Q=8.00, I2=50.01%).”
Quoted verbatim from Resveratrol supplementation and plasma adipokines concentrations? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Meta-analysis pooling 5 of 11 treatment arms from randomized placebo-controlled trials of resveratrol supplementation
Effect 3.77 mean difference, 95% CI -2.28 to 9.83
Resveratrol supplementation and plasma adipokines concentrations? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2017PMID:28089943Permalink
resveratrol — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1
“We found no significant effect of resveratrol administration on leptin (SMD = -0.20; 95% CI, -0.68, 0.27; P = 0.40; I2: 85.3) and adiponectin levels (SMD = 0.08; 95% CI, -0.39, 0.55; P = 0.74; I2: 91.0).”
Quoted verbatim from The effects of resveratrol intake on weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Adults across 36 pooled randomized controlled trials of resveratrol supplementation
Effect -0.2 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -0.68 to 0.27
The effects of resveratrol intake on weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2020PMID:30421960Permalink

How it is measured

Circulating leptin concentration in serum or plasma by immunoassay (ELISA or radioimmunoassay). Species, fasting state and clock time of sampling are recorded with each finding; leptin has a marked diurnal rhythm and rodent and human values are not comparable.

Measured, not recorded

Subject: serum leptin
Measurements: 4 measurements
Recorded as a finding: No

Show what was measured

serum leptin
increases
The BPA-500 and the DES-0.1 groups had significantly elevated serum leptin levels compared to the negative controls and BPA-50,000 males
PMID:23892310 · one of two readings recorded this
serum leptin
decreases
Our results showed that curcumin intervention significantly reduced pulse wave velocity, increased level of serum adiponectin and decreased level of leptin.
PMID:24445038 · one of two readings recorded this
serum leptin
decreases, SMD -0.59 (95% CI -0.98, -0.21)
Remarkably, a meta-analysis of included studies revealed significant reduction of leptin levels in individuals on CoQ10 supplementation when compared to those on placebo (SMD: −0.59 [95% CI: −0.98, −0.21]; I2 = 0%, p = 0.37).
PMID:32375340 · one of two readings recorded this
serum leptin
decreases, p = 0.01
leptin serum levels (44,373 pg/mL ± 5129 vs. 8718 pg/mL ± 4872; p < 0.01
PMID:36296907 · one of two readings recorded this

Sources cited

10 papers

Subject: serum leptin
Findings: 10
Papers: 10

Compound

Direction

Findings

Strongest evidence

down

down

no effect

down

down

no effect

Measured, not recorded

Subject

serum leptin

Measurements

4 measurements

Recorded as a finding

Show what was measured

serum leptin
increases
The BPA-500 and the DES-0.1 groups had significantly elevated serum leptin levels compared to the negative controls and BPA-50,000 males
PMID:23892310 · one of two readings recorded this
serum leptin
decreases
Our results showed that curcumin intervention significantly reduced pulse wave velocity, increased level of serum adiponectin and decreased level of leptin.
PMID:24445038 · one of two readings recorded this
serum leptin
decreases, SMD -0.59 (95% CI -0.98, -0.21)
Remarkably, a meta-analysis of included studies revealed significant reduction of leptin levels in individuals on CoQ10 supplementation when compared to those on placebo (SMD: −0.59 [95% CI: −0.98, −0.21]; I2 = 0%, p = 0.37).
PMID:32375340 · one of two readings recorded this
serum leptin
decreases, p = 0.01
leptin serum levels (44,373 pg/mL ± 5129 vs. 8718 pg/mL ± 4872; p < 0.01
PMID:36296907 · one of two readings recorded this