Endpoint

One-repetition maximum strength

CAT:outcome/1rm-strengthreported in kg

Method

Maximal single repetition, standardised lift, tested to failure under a documented warm-up and progression protocol.

The method is part of the endpoint identity. Studies measuring the same quantity by a different method are held as separate endpoints.

Notes

The lift is edge metadata, not identity: 1RM squat and 1RM bench are the same outcome node. Recording them as separate nodes would make every cross-lift comparison a manual join.

Related terms

GO:0003009

Partial overlaps, not equivalences. None of these terms denotes this measurement.

Findings

2 findings from 2 compounds, strongest first.

creatine — increases
LikelyGrade B, Likely. Human evidence, limited replication or design limits.Finding
“Leg-press 1RM (k = 3; n = 111) improved with creatine: MD + 7.5 kg (95% CI + 2.2 to + 12.8; I² = 0%).”
Quoted verbatim from Creatine monohydrate for lean mass, strength, and bone density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis..
Study

meta-analysis
Participants

111
Population

postmenopausal women
Creatine monohydrate for lean mass, strength, and bone density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.2026PMID:42141930An author is affiliated with a producer
caffeine — increases
LikelyGrade B, Likely. Human evidence, limited replication or design limits.Finding
“In the main meta-analysis that considered data from 6 included studies, there was a significant ergogenic effect of caffeine on 1RM strength (SMD: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.25; p < 0.001; I2 = 0%; Figure 3).”
Quoted verbatim from Ergogenic Effects of Acute Caffeine Intake on Muscular Endurance and Muscular Strength in Women: A Meta-Analysis..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Healthy adult women; overall meta-analysis of 6 placebo-controlled crossover trials of 1RM strength
Effect 0.18 standardised mean difference, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.25
Ergogenic Effects of Acute Caffeine Intake on Muscular Endurance and Muscular Strength in Women: A Meta-Analysis.2021PMID:34072182

Findings

2 findings from 2 compounds, strongest first.

creatine — increases

LikelyFinding

“Leg-press 1RM (k = 3; n = 111) improved with creatine: MD + 7.5 kg (95% CI + 2.2 to + 12.8; I² = 0%).”

Study: meta-analysis
Participants: 111
Population: postmenopausal women

Creatine monohydrate for lean mass, strength, and bone density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.2026PMID:42141930An author is affiliated with a producer

caffeine — increases

LikelyFinding

“In the main meta-analysis that considered data from 6 included studies, there was a significant ergogenic effect of caffeine on 1RM strength (SMD: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.25; p < 0.001; I2 = 0%; Figure 3).”

Study: meta-analysis
Population: Healthy adult women; overall meta-analysis of 6 placebo-controlled crossover trials of 1RM strength

Effect 0.18 standardised mean difference, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.25

Ergogenic Effects of Acute Caffeine Intake on Muscular Endurance and Muscular Strength in Women: A Meta-Analysis.2021PMID:34072182