triclosan

coronal caries (DFS index), control group mean

The control group mean was 3.44, representing a 5% reduction in coronal caries

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

coronal caries (DFS index)

decreases, n = 9692

triclosan/copolymer toothpaste slightly reduced coronal caries when using the decayed and filled surfaces (DFS) index (MD -0.16, 95% CI -0.31 to -0.02, four studies, 9692 participants, high-quality evidence)

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

gingival inflammation (0 to 3 scale), control group mean

The control group mean was 1.22, representing a 22% reduction in inflammation

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

gingival inflammation (0 to 3 scale)

decreases, n = 2743

triclosan/copolymer toothpaste reduced inflammation by 0.27 on a 0 to 3 scale (MD -0.27, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.21, 20 studies, 2743 participants, moderate-quality evidence)

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

gingival inflammation on a 0 to 3 scale, triclosan/copolymer fluoride toothpaste vs fluoride toothpaste; also plaque on a 0 to 5 scale, caries (DFS), calculus

decreases, MD -0.27, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.21

Not recorded as a finding: the paper never states the instrument the node requires

After six to nine months of use, triclosan/copolymer toothpaste reduced inflammation by 0.27 on a 0 to 3 scale (MD -0.27, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.21, 20 studies, 2743 participants, moderate-quality evidence).

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

mean total calculus per participant, control group mean

The control group mean was 14.61 mm, representing a 15% reduction in calculus

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

mean total calculus per participant

decreases, n = 415

triclosan/copolymer toothpaste may have reduced the mean total calculus per participant by 2.12 mm (MD -2.12 mm, 95% CI -3.39 to -0.84, two studies, 415 participants, low-quality evidence)

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

periodontitis (attachment loss)

no effect, n = 480

there was no evidence of a difference between triclosan/copolymer toothpaste and control in the development of periodontitis (attachment loss) (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.27, one study, 480 participants, low-quality evidence)

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

plaque (0 to 5 scale), control group mean

The control group mean was 2.17, representing a 22% reduction in plaque

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

plaque (0 to 5 scale)

decreases, n = 2675

triclosan/copolymer toothpaste reduced plaque by 0.47 on a 0 to 5 scale (MD -0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.60 to -0.34, 20 studies, 2675 participants, moderate-quality evidence)

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

proportion of bleeding sites, control group mean

The control group mean was 0.27, representing a 48% reduction in bleeding

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

proportion of bleeding sites (scoring 2 or 3 on 0 to 3 scale)

decreases, n = 1998

it reduced the proportion of bleeding sites (i.e. scoring 2 or 3 on the 0 to 3 scale) by 0.13 (MD -0.13, 95% CI -0.17 to -0.08, 15 studies, 1998 participants, moderate-quality evidence)

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

proportion of sites scoring 3 to 5 for plaque, control group mean

The control group mean was 0.37, representing a 41% reduction in plaque severity

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

proportion of sites scoring 3 to 5 for plaque (plaque severity)

decreases, n = 1850

it also reduced the proportion of sites scoring 3 to 5 on a 0 to 5 scale by 0.15 (MD -0.15, 95% CI -0.20 to -0.10, 13 studies, 1850 participants, moderate-quality evidence)

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

root caries

decreases, n = 1357

triclosan/copolymer toothpaste probably reduced root caries (MD -0.31, 95% CI -0.39 to -0.23, one study, 1357 participants, moderate-quality evidence)

PMID:24310847 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases, p = 0.00053, n = 4800

The predominant effect estimated a relative risk of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.54-0.84, p=0.00053)

PMID:24738988 · one of two readings recorded this

thyroxine concentration change per mg/kg-BW-day triclosan

decreases

the overall pooled meta-analysis estimate was a 0.31% reduction in thyroxine per mg/kg unit increase in triclosan (95% CI −0.38 to −0.23; I2=61.5%; Figure 5B)

PMID:27156197 · one of two readings recorded this

thyroxine concentration change per mg/kg-BW-day triclosan

no effect

The overall pooled meta-analysis estimate was a 0.09% reduction in thyroxine per mg/kg unit increase in triclosan (95% CI −0.20 to 0.02; I2=22.8%; Figure 4B)

PMID:27156197 · one of two readings recorded this

thyroxine concentration in fetal and young rats, pooled dose-response slope as percent of control per mg triclosan/kg-bw-day after oral gavage

decreases, 0.31% reduction in thyroxine per mg/kg unit increase in triclosan (95% CI −0.38 to −0.23), postnatal exposure

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

In contrast, there was a clear dose response for triclosan administered during the postnatal developmental time period and the overall pooled meta-analysis estimate was a 0.31% reduction in thyroxine per mg/kg unit increase in triclosan (95% CI −0.38 to −0.23; I2=61.5%; Figure 5B).

PMID:27156197 · one of two readings recorded this

thyroxine concentration in rats after oral gavage triclosan, pooled dose-response normalised to control; human thyroid hormones narrated without pooling

decreases, 0.31% reduction in thyroxine per mg/kg unit increase in triclosan (95% CI −0.38 to −0.23)

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

In contrast, there was a clear dose response for triclosan administered during the postnatal developmental time period and the overall pooled meta-analysis estimate was a 0.31% reduction in thyroxine per mg/kg unit increase in triclosan (95% CI −0.38 to −0.23; I2=61.5%; Figure 5B).

PMID:27156197 · one of two readings recorded this

length of hospital stay

no effect, p = 0.668, n = 1783

WMD was −0.02 in favor of triclosan (95% CI −0.11 to −0.07, P = 0.668)

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

overall rate of surgical site infection after elective colorectal surgery, pooled OR, triclosan-coated vs uncoated suture; secondary endpoint hospital length of stay, WMD

no effect, OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.58–1.13), p = 0.22

Not recorded as a finding: the supporting sentence never names the compound

The OR was 0.81 (95% CI 0.58–1.13, P = 0.220).

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection after elective colorectal surgery, triclosan-coated vs uncoated suture, pooled OR; secondary hospital length of stay, WMD

OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.58–1.13), p = 0.22

Not recorded as a finding: the direction is carried only as a signed number

The OR was 0.81 (95% CI 0.58–1.13, P = 0.220).

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection (pooled odds ratio)

no effect, p = 0.22

The OR was 0.81 (95% CI 0.58–1.13, P = 0.220)

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection rate

no effect

The overall rate was 11.7% (129/1102) in the triclosan group and 13.4% (143/1066) in control group

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

no effect, p = 0.582

in open-label studies, the OR for SSI risk was 0.62 (95% CI 0.20–1.93, P = 0.413), 0.77 in single-blind (95% CI 0.31–1.95, P = 0.583) and 0.85 in double-blind trials (95% CI 0.46–1.54, P = 0.582)

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

no effect, p = 0.602

whereas in trials conducted in multiple centers, this protective effect was not evident (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.83–1.39, P = 0.602)

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

no effect, p = 0.413

in open-label studies, the OR for SSI risk was 0.62 (95% CI 0.20–1.93, P = 0.413), 0.77 in single-blind (95% CI 0.31–1.95, P = 0.583) and 0.85 in double-blind trials (95% CI 0.46–1.54, P = 0.582)

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

no effect, p = 0.583

in open-label studies, the OR for SSI risk was 0.62 (95% CI 0.20–1.93, P = 0.413), 0.77 in single-blind (95% CI 0.31–1.95, P = 0.583) and 0.85 in double-blind trials (95% CI 0.46–1.54, P = 0.582)

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases, p = 0.003

Single-center studies were associated with a significant reduction of SSI in the group receiving triclosan-coated suture (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.34–0.80, P = 0.003)

PMID:27583844 · one of two readings recorded this

deep surgical site infection event counts

decreases

There were 61/3507 cases of deep infections in the triclosan group and 85/3626 cases in the standard suture group

PMID:31481559 · one of two readings recorded this

deep surgical site infection

no effect

The risk of developing a deep infection was lower in the triclosan group when compared with the standard suture group; however, this was not significant (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.07)

PMID:31481559 · one of two readings recorded this

superficial surgical site infection

no effect

There were 152/3507 cases of superficial SSI in the triclosan group and 164/3626 cases in the standard suture group, producing a meta-analysis risk ratio of 0.95 (95% CI 0.72 to 1.25)

PMID:31481559 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection (all studies)

decreases

The risk of developing SSI was significantly reduced in the triclosan group compared with the standard suture group (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.82)

PMID:31481559 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection event counts

decreases

There were 420 instances of SSI among 6008 patients in the triclosan-coated suture group and 581 SSIs in 5949 patients in the standard suture group

PMID:31481559 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

no effect

Six studies reported clean-contaminated surgery and there was no difference between the two groups (160/1540 vs 156/1504) (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.25)

PMID:31481559 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases

Triclosan-coated sutures were associated with a significantly lower incidence of SSI (149/3029) when compared with standard sutures (230/1117) (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.88)

PMID:31481559 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases

Triclosan-coated sutures were associated with a significantly lower risk of SSI (22/438) when compared with standard sutures (55/443) (RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.7)

PMID:31481559 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

no effect

There was no significant difference in the incidence of SSIs between the two groups of sutures (25/102 vs 35/105) (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.18)

PMID:31481559 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal FT4, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 181

Amira M. Aker | 2016 | cohort | 16–20 weeks and 24–28 weeks | 16–20 weeks, 20–24 weeks and 24–28 weeks | 181 | 2010 to 2012 | Northern Puerto Rico, USA | Specific gravity | 4.90 (−5.28, 16.17) | −3.44 (−8.60, 1.71) | 6

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal FT4, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 439

Amira M. Aker | 2018 | nested case-control study | 9.64 weeks | 9.64 weeks | 439 | 2006 to 2008 | Boston, MA,USA | Specific gravity | 7.72 (0.01, 16.02) | 1.22 (−2.59, 5.18) | 7

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal FT4, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 602

Amira M. Aker | 2019 | cohort | 16–20 weeks and 24–28 weeks | 16–20 weeks, 20–24 weeks and 24–28 weeks | 602 | 2012 to 2017 | Northern Puerto Rico, USA | Specific gravity | 0.57 (−7.74, 9.63) | −0.74 (−2.45, 0.96) | 8

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal FT4, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 1996

Arash Derakhshan | 2019 | cohort | 10 weeks | 10 weeks | 1996 | September 2007 to March 2010 | Swedish | Creatinine–corrected | 0.001 (−0.01272, 0.01472) | 0.0 (−0.0196, 0.0196) | 8

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal FT4, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 202

Joseph M. Braun | 2018 | cohort | 16 weeks | 16 and 26 weeks | 202 | March 2003 to January 2006 | Cincinnati, OH,USA | Creatinine–corrected | −0.24 (−0.58, 0.10) | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 7

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal FT4, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 338

Kimberly Berger | 2018 | cohort | 26.9 weeks | 14.1 and 26.9 weeks | 338 | October 1999 to October 2000 | California, USA | Specific gravity | −0.6 (−11.65, 10.75) | −0.02 (−0.065, 0.025) | 6

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal FT4, individual study estimate

decreases, n = 378

Xu Wang | 2017 | cohort | ≥28 weeks | 38.8 weeks | 378 | June 2012 to February 2013 | Shanghai, China | Creatinine–corrected | −0.02 (−0.10, 0.06) | −0.02 (−0.04, −0.001) | 7

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal FT4

no effect, p = 0.05

ES = −0.00 (95% CI: −0.01 to 0.00), P>0.05

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal FT4

no effect

ES = 0.03 (95% CI: −0.03 to 0.09)

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal serum free thyroxine (FT4) and TSH levels in relation to urinary triclosan during pregnancy

no effect, ES = 0.03 (95% CI: −0.03 to 0.09)

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

As shows, ES = 0.03 (95% CI: −0.03 to 0.09), the difference was not statistically significant, which indicated that there was no association between TCS and FT4.

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal serum free thyroxine (FT4) and TSH levels, pooled effect size per urinary triclosan gradient during pregnancy

no effect, ES = 0.03 (95% CI: −0.03 to 0.09)

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

As shows, ES = 0.03 (95% CI: −0.03 to 0.09), the difference was not statistically significant, which indicated that there was no association between TCS and FT4.

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal TSH, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 181

Amira M. Aker | 2016 | cohort | 16–20 weeks and 24–28 weeks | 16–20 weeks, 20–24 weeks and 24–28 weeks | 181 | 2010 to 2012 | Northern Puerto Rico, USA | Specific gravity | 4.90 (−5.28, 16.17) | −3.44 (−8.60, 1.71) | 6

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal TSH, individual study estimate

increases, n = 439

Amira M. Aker | 2018 | nested case-control study | 9.64 weeks | 9.64 weeks | 439 | 2006 to 2008 | Boston, MA,USA | Specific gravity | 7.72 (0.01, 16.02) | 1.22 (−2.59, 5.18) | 7

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal TSH, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 602

Amira M. Aker | 2019 | cohort | 16–20 weeks and 24–28 weeks | 16–20 weeks, 20–24 weeks and 24–28 weeks | 602 | 2012 to 2017 | Northern Puerto Rico, USA | Specific gravity | 0.57 (−7.74, 9.63) | −0.74 (−2.45, 0.96) | 8

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal TSH, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 1996

Arash Derakhshan | 2019 | cohort | 10 weeks | 10 weeks | 1996 | September 2007 to March 2010 | Swedish | Creatinine–corrected | 0.001 (−0.01272, 0.01472) | 0.0 (−0.0196, 0.0196) | 8

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal TSH, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 202

Joseph M. Braun | 2018 | cohort | 16 weeks | 16 and 26 weeks | 202 | March 2003 to January 2006 | Cincinnati, OH,USA | Creatinine–corrected | −0.24 (−0.58, 0.10) | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 7

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal TSH, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 338

Kimberly Berger | 2018 | cohort | 26.9 weeks | 14.1 and 26.9 weeks | 338 | October 1999 to October 2000 | California, USA | Specific gravity | −0.6 (−11.65, 10.75) | −0.02 (−0.065, 0.025) | 6

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal TSH, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 378

Xu Wang | 2017 | cohort | ≥28 weeks | 38.8 weeks | 378 | June 2012 to February 2013 | Shanghai, China | Creatinine–corrected | −0.02 (−0.10, 0.06) | −0.02 (−0.04, −0.001) | 7

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal TSH

no effect, p = 0.05

ES = 0.54 (95% CI: −0.52 to 1.59), P>0.05

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

maternal TSH

no effect, p = 0.05

ES = −0.03 (95% CI: −0.11 to 0.05), P>0.05

PMID:33519715 · one of two readings recorded this

children's BMI, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 1298

Buser, M. C | USA | 2014 | Cohort | 1,298 | Urine creatinine | 0.12 (−0.12, 0.36) | Age, sex, race/ethnicity, calorie intake, television and video game use (6–11 y), recreational activity (12–19 y), serum cotinine, income level, and urinary creatinine | 8

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

children's BMI, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 1017

Deierlein, A. L | USA | 2017 | Cohort | 1,017 | Urine creatinine | 0.89 (−0.08, 1.86) | Race, age, educational level, socioeconomic status, baseline BMI | 7

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

children's BMI, individual study estimate

decreases, n = 2898

Li, S | USA | 2015 | Cohort | 2,898 | Urine creatinine | −0.47 (−0.69, −0.26) | Sex, age, race/ethnicity, poverty to income ratio, cotinine levels, and urinary BPA concentrations | 8

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

children's BMI

no effect

ES = 0.03 (95% CI: −0.54–0.60), P = 0.000, i2 ≥ 50%

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

neonatal birth weight, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 496

Ding, G | China | 2017 | Cohort | 496 | Urine creatinine | 72.79 (−35.38, 180.96) | Maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, passive smoking, household monthly income, infant gender, gestational age, and parity | 7

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

neonatal birth weight, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 185

Geer, L. A | USA | 2017 | Cohort | 185 | Urine creatinine | −89.37 (−373.83, 195.08) | Maternal age, nativity, and neonate gender | 8

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

neonatal birth weight, individual study estimate

increases, n = 1833

Lester, F | Canada | 2018 | Cohort | 1,833 | Specific gravity (SG) | 11.85 (0.06, 24.70) | Mother's age, BMI, education level, nulliparity status, place of birth, income level, and smoking status | 7

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

neonatal birth weight, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 346

Messerlian, C | USA | 2018 | Cohort | 346 | Specific gravity (SG) | −16.00 (−54.00, 23.00) | Maternal age, maternal BMI, maternal education, maternal smoking, IVF (in-vitro fertilization)-based vs. non-IVF based treatment and season | 7

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

neonatal birth weight, individual study estimate

no effect, n = 520

Philippat, C | France | 2014 | Cohort | 520 | Urine creatinine | 4.60 (−49.00, 58.30) | Maternal and paternal height, pre-pregnancy weight, maternal active and passive smoking during pregnancy, maternal education level, gestational age at measurement and parity | 8

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

neonatal birth weight

no effect, p = 0.196

ES = 0.41 (95% CI: −11.97–12.78), P = 0.196, i2 < 50%

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

neonatal birth weight

no effect, p = 0.14

ES = 0.33 (95% CI: −12.19–12.84), P = 0.140, i2 < 50%

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

neonatal birth weight

no effect, p = 0.229

ES = 2.28 (95% CI: −50.97–55.53), P = 0.229, i2 < 50%

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

publication bias, children's triclosan and BMI (Begg's test)

p = 1

Publication bias was observed for TCS exposure during pregnancy and birth weight as well as TCS exposure during childhood and children's BMI using Begg's test and funnel plots (P = 0.754; Figure 8 and p = 1.000; Figure 9)

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

publication bias, maternal triclosan and birth weight (Begg's test)

p = 0.754

Publication bias was observed for TCS exposure during pregnancy and birth weight as well as TCS exposure during childhood and children's BMI using Begg's test and funnel plots (P = 0.754; Figure 8 and p = 1.000; Figure 9)

PMID:34307271 · one of two readings recorded this

birth weight

no effect, p = 0.4

each 10-fold increase in maternal urinary triclosan concentration was associated with decreased birth weight (β=−20; 95% CI: −65, 26; 𝑝 = 0.40)

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

gestational age-adjusted birth weight, difference between low and high exposure studies

unclear, p = 0.08

Results from the meta-regression approached significance when comparing associations in low vs. high level exposure studies, (difference in associations β=14; 95% CI: −62, 91; 𝑝 = 0.08)

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

gestational age-adjusted birth weight, difference between male and female infants

no effect, p = 0.25

(difference in associations β=−7; 95% CI: −102, 88; 𝑝 = 0.25)

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

gestational age-adjusted birth weight

no effect, p = 0.15

each 10-fold increase in maternal urinary triclosan concentration was associated with more modest decreases in birth weight compared to studies not adjusting for gestational age (β=−12; 95% CI: −29, 4; 𝑝 = 0.15)

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

gestational age-adjusted birth weight

no effect, p = 0.51

female infants (n=3) (β=1; 95% CI: −11, 13; 𝑝 = 0.51)

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

gestational age-adjusted birth weight

no effect, p = 0.13

When considering studies with high levels of triclosan exposure (≥ 10 ng/mL, n=4), we observed a modest, inverse association between gestational urinary triclosan concentrations and infant birth weight (β=−26; 95% CI: −59, 7; 𝑝 =0.13)

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

gestational age-adjusted birth weight

no effect, p = 0.66

Amongst studies with low levels of triclosan exposure (<10 ng/mL, n=5), there was no association between triclosan and infant birth weight (β=6; 95% CI: −20, 31; 𝑝 = 0.66)

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

gestational age-adjusted birth weight

no effect, p = 0.6

differed in males (n=4) (β=−7; 95% CI: −31, 17; = 0.60)

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

gestational age standardized birth weight z-score

no effect, p = 0.23

each 10-fold increase in maternal urinary triclosan concentration was associated with a 0.04 (95% CI: −0.16, 0.07; 𝑝 = 0.23) decrease in gestational age standardized birth weight z-score

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

infant birth weight in grams per 10-fold increase in maternal urinary triclosan concentration

decreases, β=−20; 95% CI: −65, 26, p = 0.4

Not recorded as a finding: a direction is stated and the estimate does not support it

Of 6 studies that reported infant birth weight in grams, each 10-fold increase in maternal urinary triclosan concentration was associated with decreased birth weight (β=−20; 95% CI: −65, 26; 𝑝 = 0.40).

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

infant birth weight in grams, pooled beta per 10-fold increase in maternal urinary triclosan concentration

decreases, beta=-20 g; 95% CI: -65, 26, p = 0.4

Not recorded as a finding: a direction is stated and the estimate does not support it

Of 6 studies that reported infant birth weight in grams, each 10-fold increase in maternal urinary triclosan concentration was associated with decreased birth weight (β=−20; 95% CI: −65, 26; 𝑝 = 0.40).

PMID:34560323 · one of two readings recorded this

deep surgical site infection

no effect, p = 0.74, n = 2689

and the results showed no significant difference between the two groups (OR=1.23, 95% CI: [0.36-4.21], p=0.74; Figure 7)

PMID:36700262 · one of two readings recorded this

overall incidence of surgical site infection after hip and knee arthroplasty, pooled OR, triclosan-coated (Vicryl Plus) vs uncoated sutures

no effect, OR=0.76, 95% CI: [0.45-1.27], p = 0.3

Not recorded as a finding: the supporting sentence never names the compound

Due to the low heterogeneity, we used a fixed-effects model (x2 =2.67; df=2; p=0.26; I2 =25%), and the results of the meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (OR=0.76, 95% CI: [0.45-1.27], p=0.30; Figure 5).

PMID:36700262 · one of two readings recorded this

overall incidence of surgical site infection after hip and knee arthroplasty, triclosan-coated (Vicryl Plus) vs uncoated sutures

no effect, OR=0.76, 95% CI: [0.45-1.27], p = 0.3

Not recorded as a finding: the supporting sentence never names the compound

Due to the low heterogeneity, we used a fixed-effects model (x2 =2.67; df=2; p=0.26; I2 =25%), and the results of the meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (OR=0.76, 95% CI: [0.45-1.27], p=0.30; Figure 5).

PMID:36700262 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI rate by study (Lin et al.)

n = 102

Lin et al. | 2018 | China | RCT | 71.3±7.7/ | TKA | 102 (51/51) | VP | Vicryl | 3 months | 0/51 (0.0%) vs.

PMID:36700262 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI rate by study (Sprowson et al.)

n = 2437

Sprowson et al. | 2018 | England | RCT | 67.5±10/ | TKA/THA | 2,437 (1164/1273) | VP | Vicryl | 30 days | 21/1164 (1.8%) vs.

PMID:36700262 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI rate by study (Sukeik et al.)

n = 150

Sukeik et al. | 2019 | England | RCT | 68.7±10.9/ | TKA/THA | 150 (81/69) | VP | Vicryl | 6 weeks | 4/81 (4.9%) vs.

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superficial surgical site infection

no effect, p = 0.74, n = 2689

and the results showed no significant difference between the two groups (OR=1.23, 95% CI: [0.36-4.21], p=0.74; Figure 6)

PMID:36700262 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection incidence

no effect, n = 2689

The overall rate was 1.9% (25/1,296) in the triclosan group and 2.5% (35/1,393) in the control group

PMID:36700262 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection pooled odds ratio

no effect, p = 0.3, n = 2689

the results of the meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (OR=0.76, 95% CI: [0.45-1.27], p=0.30; Figure 5)

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infection, proportion with infection (Yes row)

decreases

Yes | 1 | 1.2% | 12 | 4.8%

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

pain, between-suture test

no effect, p = 1

Pain | No | 32 | 19.5% | 64 | 19.5% | χ 2 = 0.0 | 1.0 NS

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

pain, between-suture test

no effect, p = 1

Pain | No | 84 | 36.2% | 168 | 36.2% | χ 2 = 0.0 | 1.0 NS

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

pain, between-suture test

no effect, p = 0.959

Pain | No | 72 | 85.7% | 212 | 85.5% | χ 2 = 0.003 | 0.959 NS

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

pain, proportion with pain (Yes row)

no effect

Yes | 132 | 80.5% | 264 | 80.5%

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

pain, proportion with pain (Yes row)

no effect

Yes | 148 | 63.8% | 296 | 63.8%

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

pain, proportion with pain (Yes row)

no effect

Yes | 12 | 14.3% | 36 | 14.5%

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

port site infection per suture, triclosan-coated vs uncoated polyglactin 910, intra-individual, reported separately by operation

decreases, 6.9% non-triclosan vs 0.9% triclosan sutures in cholecystectomy, p = 0.001

Not recorded as a finding: every result is a subgroup, with no whole-population estimate

In patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a highly statistically significant (p‐value < 0.001) increased percentage of infection was found in non‐triclosan sutures (32 sutures, 6.9%) when compared with triclosan‐coated sutures (2 sutures, 0.9%).

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

port site infection

decreases, p = 0.015

there was a statistically significant (p‐value = 0.015) increased percentage of infection in non‐triclosan sutures (16 sutures, 4.9%) when compared with triclosan‐coated sutures (1 suture, 0.6%)

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

port site infection

decreases, p = 0.001

a highly statistically significant (p‐value < 0.001) increased percentage of infection was found in non‐triclosan sutures (32 sutures, 6.9%) when compared with triclosan‐coated sutures (2 sutures, 0.9%)

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

port site infection

no effect, p = 0.142

In sleeve gastrectomy patients, although a lower number of triclosan‐coated sutures developed PSI, there was no statistically significant difference (p‐value = 0.142) between triclosan and non‐triclosan‐coated sutures

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

redness, between-suture test

no effect, p = 1

Redness | No | 136 | 82.9% | 272 | 82.9% | χ 2 = 0.0 | 1.0 NS

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

redness, between-suture test

decreases, p = 0.001

Redness | No | 217 | 93.5% | 394 | 84.9% | χ 2 = 10.7 | 0.001 S

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

redness, between-suture test

no effect, p = 0.927

Redness | No | 44 | 52.4% | 129 | 51.8% | χ 2 = 0.008 | 0.927 NS

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

redness, proportion with redness (Yes row)

no effect

Yes | 28 | 17.1% | 56 | 17.1%

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

redness, proportion with redness (Yes row)

decreases

Yes | 15 | 6.5% | 70 | 15.1%

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

redness, proportion with redness (Yes row)

no effect

Yes | 40 | 47.6% | 120 | 48.2%

PMID:37705324 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Diener et al.)

decreases, n = 1185

Diener et al. | Multi-center RCT | 1185 (587/598) | Midline abdominal laparotomy | Triclosan-coated polydioxanone | 14.8% (87/587) | Uncoated polydioxanone | 16.1% (96/598) | CDC criteria, clinical examination on day 10, day of discharge and day 30

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Ichida et al.)

increases, n = 1013

Ichida et al. | Single-center RCT | 1013 (508/505) | Open and laparoscopic gastroenterological surgery | Triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 | 6.9% (35/508) | Uncoated polyglactin 910 | 5.9% (30/505) | CDC criteria, clinical examination during hospital stay and day 30

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Justinger et al.)

decreases, n = 856

Justinger et al. | Single-center RCT | 856 (485/371) | Laparotomy | Triclosan-coated polydioxanone | 6.4% (31/485) | Uncoated polydioxanone | 11.3% (42/371) | CDC criteria, clinical examination during hospital stay and 2 weeks postoperatively

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Kang et al.)

decreases, n = 811

Kang et al. | Single-center RCT | 811 (396/415) | Colorectal surgery (open and laparoscopic) | Triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 | 3.5% (14/396) | Uncoated polyglactin 910 | 6.0% (25/415) | CDC criteria, clinical examination until day 30

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Koujalagi et al.)

decreases, n = 60

Koujalagi et al. | Single-center RCT | 60 (30/30) | Open abdominal surgeries | Triclosan-coated polydioxanone | 30% (9/30) | Uncoated polydioxanone | 43% (13/30) | CDC criteria, clinical examination on day 2, 6 and 10

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Matavelli et al.)

increases, n = 281

Matavelli et al. | Multi-center RCT | 281 (140/141) | Colorectal surgery (open and laparoscopic) | Triclosan-coated polydioxanone | 12.9% (18/140) | Uncoated polydioxanone | 10.6% (15/141) | CDC criteria, weekly clinical examination for 30 days after discharge

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Nakamura et al.)

decreases, n = 577

Nakamura et al. | Single-center RCT | 577 (206/204) | Colorectal surgery (open and laparoscopic) | Triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 | 4.4% (9/206) | Uncoated polyglactin 910 | 9.3% (19/204) | CDC criteria, clinical examination during hospital stay and weekly until day 30

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SSI events by study (NIHR)

decreases, n = 4535

NIHR | Multi-center RCT | 4535 (2267/2268) | Abdominal surgery with a skin incision of 5 cm or greater | Triclosan-coated polydioxanone | 20.6% (467/2267) | Uncoated sutures | 21.7% (493/2268) | CDC criteria, clinical examination until day 30

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Olmez et al.)

decreases, n = 890

Olmez et al. | Single-center RCT | 890 (445/445) | Laparotomy for any gastrointestinal pathology | Triclosan-coated polydioxanone | 19.1% (85/445) | Uncoated polydioxanone | 25.8% (115/445) | Similar criteria as CDC, Clinical examination on day 7, 14 and 30

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Ruiz-Tovar et al., abdominal infection and ischemia)

decreases, n = 92

Ruiz-Tovar et al. | Multi-center RCT | 92 (45/47) | Laparotomy for abdominal infection and ischemia | Triclosan-coated polydioxanone | 8% (4/45) | Uncoated polydioxanone | 23% (11/47) | CDC criteria, clinical examination during hospital stay and day 30

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

SSI events by study (Ruiz-Tovar et al., faecal peritonitis)

decreases, n = 101

Ruiz-Tovar et al. | Multi-center RCT | 101 (50/51) | Laparotomy due to faecal peritonitis | Triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 | 10% (5/50) | Uncoated polyglactin 910 | 35% (18/51) | CDC criteria, clinical examination on day 5, 30 and 60

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection incidence

decreases, p = 0.001, n = 10234

the overall incidence of SSI was statistically significantly lower with the use of triclosan-coated sutures compared to uncoated sutures, 14.8% vs. 17.3% respectively, OR 0.84 (95% CI [0.75,0.93], p = 0.001)

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection incidence

no effect, p = 0.08

the overall SSI rate was 12.6%, with 11.1% in the coated group and 14.2% in the uncoated group. The OR was 0.79 (95% CI = [0.62, 1.00], p = 0.08)

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection incidence

decreases, p = 0.008

When polydioxanone sutures were evaluated separately, triclosan-coating reduced the occurrence of SSI compared to uncoated polydioxanone; 17.5% vs. 20.1%, OR 0.86, (95% CI [0.77, 0.96], p = 0.008)

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection incidence

decreases, p = 0.02

When polyglactin 910 was evaluated separately, triclosan-coated sutures also reduced the occurrence of SSI compared to uncoated sutures; 5.4% vs. 7.8% respectively, OR 0.67 (95% CI [0.48, 0.94], p = 0.02)

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection incidence

decreases, p = 0.003

In the high-income countries, the SSI incidence of 8.4% was lower in the triclosan-coated suture group compared to 11.1% in the uncoated suture group, OR 0.74 (95% CI = [0.61, 0.91], p = 0.003)

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection risk difference

decreases

A risk difference of − 0.02 (95% CI [− 0.04, − 0.01]) was calculated

PMID:38713430 · one of two readings recorded this

absolute reduction in surgical site infections per 1000 patients

decreases

the use of triclosan-containing sutures resulted in 39 (95% CI, 21-50) fewer surgical site infections per 1000 patients

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

deep incisional surgical site infection

no effect

for deep incisional infections, an RR of 0.73 (95% CI, 0.52-1.03; τ2 = 0, I2 = 0%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

number needed to treat for surgical site infection

showed a number needed to treat of 40 patients (95% CI, 29-68 patients)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

organ/space surgical site infection

no effect

and for organ/space infections, an RR of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.39-2.09; τ2 = 0, I2 = 0%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

superficial incisional surgical site infection

decreases

For studies specifically investigating superficial incisional infection, we found an RR of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.58-0.99; τ2 = 0.13; I2 = 45%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection incidence

decreases, n = 17968

The incidence of surgical site infection was 1098 of 8969 (12.1%) in the triclosan-containing suture group compared with 1324 of 8999 (14.7%) in the control group (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.65-0.86; τ 2 = 0.04; I2 = 43%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases

and clean-contaminated, contaminated, and dirty surgical wounds (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59-0.86; τ2 = 0.70; I2 = 57%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases

We found comparable efficacy for patients with clean surgical wounds (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.56-0.92; τ2 = 0.05; I2 = 25%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases

In the sensitivity analysis excluding studies with a high risk of bias, we found an RR of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.63-0.84; τ2 = 0.06; I2 = 50%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases

The sensitivity analysis of 18 studies without conflicts of interest and industry funding resulted in a similar summary effect estimate as the overall analysis (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66-0.94; τ2 = 0.04; I2 = 44%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases

In 17 RCTs, triclosan-containing sutures were investigated in the skin layer (RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63-0.94; τ2 = 0.05; I2 = 28%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases

In the remaining studies, triclosan-containing sutures were only investigated in the deeper layers (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.59-0.88; τ2 = 0.05; I2 = 56%)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this

surgical site infection

decreases

We performed the trim-and-fill method, resulting in the imputation of 6 missing studies (eFigure 4B in Supplement 1) and corresponding to an adjusted RR of 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70-0.94)

PMID:40053348 · one of two readings recorded this