Endpoint
Lumbar spine bone mineral density
CAT:outcome/lumbar-spine-bmdreported in g/cm^23 findings from 3 compounds
What moved it
How to read these marks3 findings · 3 compounds · 3 null · by evidence strength
| Compound | Direction | Findings | Strongest evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ca(2+) | no effect | 1 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| phylloquinone | no effect | 1 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| magnesium(2+) | no effect | 1 | Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence. |
Every finding here is a null result.
Measured, no effect detected
3 findings
Ca(2+) — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result“However, calcium supplementation did not improve the BMD levels at the lumbar spine (0.090, 95% CI: −0.044 to 0.224, p = 0.190) or total hip (0.257, 95% CI: −0.053 to 0.566, p = 0.104) or the BMC level at the total hip (0.116, 95% CI: −0.382 to 0.614, p = 0.648).”
Quoted verbatim from The effect of calcium supplementation in people under 35 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- People aged 35 years or younger in randomised trials of calcium (dietary sources or supplements, some with vitamin D) versus placebo or no treatment, bone density by DXA
The effect of calcium supplementation in people under 35 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2022PMID:36164828Permalink
phylloquinone — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result“Changes in BMD at the total hip, femoral neck and lumbar spine and BTMs; CTX and P1NP did not differ significantly following either K1 or MK-4 supplementation compared to placebo.”
Quoted verbatim from The additive effect of vitamin K supplementation and bisphosphonate on fracture risk in post-menopausal osteoporosis: a randomised placebo controlled trial.. - Study
- RCT
- Dose
- 1 mg/day vitamin K1
- Population
- Post-menopausal women with osteoporosis and serum vitamin K1 of 0.4 µg/L or less, all on oral bisphosphonate with calcium and/or vitamin D; vitamin K1 arm against placebo, 18 months
The additive effect of vitamin K supplementation and bisphosphonate on fracture risk in post-menopausal osteoporosis: a randomised placebo controlled trial.2023PMID:37338608Permalink
magnesium(2+) — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull result“However, no significant correlation was found between magnesium intake and BMD in lumbar spine (0.09; -0.01, 0.19).”
Quoted verbatim from Dietary magnesium intake, bone mineral density and risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- Adults in observational studies of dietary magnesium intake; pooled correlation coefficient between intake and BMD, not a supplementation mean difference
Dietary magnesium intake, bone mineral density and risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis.2016PMID:26556742Permalink
How it is measured
Areal bone mineral density of the lumbar spine, typically L1-L4 or L2-L4, by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The vertebral levels included, the scanner manufacturer, and whether the result is absolute density or percent change from baseline are recorded with each finding; cross-manufacturer values require standardisation.
Measured, not recorded
- Subject
- lumbar spine bone mineral density
- Measurements
- 8 measurements
- Recorded as a finding
- No
Show what was measured
lumbar spine bone mineral density
no effect
However, no significant correlation was found between magnesium intake and BMD in lumbar spine (0.09; -0.01, 0.19)
PMID:26556742 · one of two readings recorded this
lumbar spine bone mineral density
increases
The SMD was 0.20 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.07 to 0.32]
PMID:34649591 · one of two readings recorded this
lumbar spine bone mineral density
increases
calcium dosages of ≤ 1000 mg/d or > 1000 mg/d had SMDs of 0.19 (95% CI: 0.05 to 0.32)
PMID:34649591 · one of two readings recorded this
lumbar spine bone mineral density
no effect
SMDs of 0.14 (95% CI: - 0.02 to 0.29)
PMID:34649591 · one of two readings recorded this
lumbar spine bone mineral density
increases
vitamin K2 and vitamin K1 had SMDs of 0.30 (95% CI: 0.10 to 0.51)
PMID:34649591 · one of two readings recorded this
Lumbar spine bone mineral density
increases, p = 0.04, n = 9059
A random-effects meta-analysis of three studies (n = 9059) found that higher dietary copper intake was associated with a modest but significant increase in lumbar spine BMD (MD 0.02 g/cm2; 95% CI 0.00-0.04; p = 0.04; I2 = 36%)
PMID:41361655 · one of two readings recorded this
lumbar spine bone mineral density
increases
Compared with calcium and vitamin D supplementation alone, combined interventions significantly increased lumbar spine (SMD = 0.31, 95% CI [0.06, 0.55]) and femoral neck BMD (SMD = 0.47, 95% CI [0.09, 0.84])
PMID:41470812 · one of two readings recorded this
lumbar spine bone mineral density
increases
mind-body or traditional Chinese exercises (e.g., Baduanjin) significantly improved lumbar spine BMD
PMID:41470812 · one of two readings recorded this
Sources cited
3 papers
- Subject
- lumbar spine bone mineral density
- Findings
- 3
- Papers
- 3
The additive effect of vitamin K supplementation and bisphosphonate on fracture risk in post-menopausal osteoporosis: a randomised placebo controlled trial.record2023PMID:373386081 finding
The effect of calcium supplementation in people under 35 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.record2022PMID:361648281 finding
Dietary magnesium intake, bone mineral density and risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis.record2016PMID:265567421 finding