Compound
maltose
A dextrodisaccharide from malt and starch. It is used as a sweetening agent and fermentable intermediate in brewing. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Structure
Loading the model…
- Class
- Organic compound
- Formula
- C12H22O11
- Mass
- 342.297 g/mol
- Charge
- 0
- InChIKey
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N
- SMILES
- OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
- Look it up
- ChEBIPubChemBy InChIKey
Identity from ChEBI, geometry from PubChem. Not evidence.
What it touches on the way
Mechanistic reach
2 entities
2 entities reached.
0 reported hops2 assembled from the scaffold
What the reference databases state
Statements
3 statements
3 statements · 1 reference database · Subject: maltose · Sources: Rhea
- maltose is a substrate of MGAMProteinRhea RHEA:27970Inferred only
- maltose is a substrate of MGAMProteinRhea RHEA:68796Inferred only
- maltose is a substrate of SIProteinRhea RHEA:68796Inferred only
Reactions
12 reactions
maltose+acetyl-CoACHEBI:13714+coenzyme A(4-)
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:10456CC BY 4.0Reference data
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:15145CC BY 4.0Reference data
maltose+hydrogenphosphateCHEBI:57684+D-glucose
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:21116CC BY 4.0Reference data
maltose+ATP(4-)+watermaltose+ADP(3-)+hydrogenphosphate+hydron
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:22132CC BY 4.0Reference data
2alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate+watermaltose+2hydrogenphosphate
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:22320CC BY 4.0Reference data
D-maltotriose+watermaltose+alpha-D-glucose
Catalysed by MGAM
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:27970CC BY 4.0Reference data
maltose+ATP(4-)CHEBI:63576+ADP(3-)+hydron
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:31915CC BY 4.0Reference data
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:33171CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:57478+watermaltose+hydrogenphosphate
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:36295CC BY 4.0Reference data
maltose+N(pros)-phospho-L-histidyl-[protein]CHEBI:57478+L-histidyl-[protein]
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:49300CC BY 4.0Reference data
maltose+dioxygenCHEBI:143029+hydrogen peroxide
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:59344CC BY 4.0Reference data
maltose+wateralpha-D-glucose+D-glucose
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:68796CC BY 4.0Reference data
Registered, and not reported
- Source
- ClinicalTrials.gov
- Intervention
- maltose
- Status
- Completed, terminated or suspended
- Results posted
- No
Trials without posted results
33 trials
33 registered trials without posted results · Overdue (FDAAA 801): 31
31 past the window2 within it, or no actual date
- NCT06994065completed2025-09-30a university or hospital
- NCT07340450completed2025-08-18a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT06795607completed2024-09-30a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT05922683completed2024-06-30a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT05467605completed2023-01-20a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT02800161completed2022-10a government bodypast the reporting window
- NCT05078463completed2022-08-11a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT05178108completed2022-07-27a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT04243148completed2022-06-30a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT04954807completed2022-02-23a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT01562626suspendedexpected 2021-05industry
- NCT04677634completed2021-04-02industrypast the reporting window
Show the remaining 21
- NCT04790877completed2020-12-31a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT04505800completed2020-09-01a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT03109587completed2019-12-31a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT03415711terminated— Administrative reasons2019-04-24industrypast the reporting window
- NCT03052179completed2018-09-11a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT02708901completed2018-08a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT04647045completed2018-06-30a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT03115385terminated— Funds ended.2016-04-11a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT02116998completed2016-04industrypast the reporting window
- NCT01575288completed2015-12a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT02433873completed2015-11a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT02289612completed2015-10a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT03630445completed2015-07-31a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT02439580completed2014-06a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT01686698completed2014-03a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT01839344completed2014-03a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT01635192completed2013-07a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT01146535completed2012-12industrypast the reporting window
- NCT00973908completed2012-04a government bodypast the reporting window
- NCT00887172completed2007-06a university or hospitalpast the reporting window
- NCT00068055completed2006-12NIHpast the reporting window
Papers screened
586 papers
- Compound
- maltose
- Screened
- 586
- Admitted
- 0
- Discarded
- 449
- Not read
- 137
- Showing
- 200 of 586
Discarded: the wrong intervention413 papers
- PMID:10561588cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:11399072cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:1420181cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:14527411cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:15452563cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:16288781cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:16326809cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:16331991cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:16352608cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:16691489cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:17237262cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
- PMID:17950243cited by PMID:19630440; not about the subject it would be filed under2026-09-29
and 401 more.
Discarded: not retrievable19 papers
- PMID:432298no PMID parsed, abstract under 200 characters, or no record returned by efetch2026-09-29
- PMID:1503765no PMID parsed, abstract under 200 characters, or no record returned by efetch2026-09-29
- PMID:5809715no PMID parsed, abstract under 200 characters, or no record returned by efetch2026-09-29
- PMID:26543186no PMID parsed, abstract under 200 characters, or no record returned by efetch2026-09-29
- PMID:25380480no PMID parsed, abstract under 200 characters, or no record returned by efetch2026-09-29
and 14 more.
Discarded: an endpoint this vocabulary does not hold10 papers
- PMID:3298211claims extracted but the object named resolved to no node — recorded in candidate_nodes (ADR-0070)2026-09-29
- PMID:38944130no claim extracted — no_outcome_node — measured: sugar reinforcer value / operant choice preference (percentage choice and MHM-derived potency of a sweet solution as a reinforcer) | reinforcer value / percentage choice of a sweet solution in a discrete-trials operant choice paradigm (rat)2026-09-29
and 8 more.
Discarded: no extractable result4 papers
and 4 more.
Discarded: another reason, stated per paper3 papers
- PMID:41642680no claim extracted — cause not determined (one pass only) — measured: microbial maltose consumption/utilization phenotype (strain growth/fermentation trait tied to MAL locus genotype)2026-09-29
and 2 more.
Not read yet137 papers
- PMID:290165752026-09-29
- PMID:293538902026-09-29
- PMID:303939042026-09-29
- PMID:362237122026-09-29
- PMID:323907212026-09-29
- PMID:303543612026-09-29
- PMID:365010862026-09-29
- PMID:101980282026-09-29
- PMID:192020842026-09-29
- PMID:214217582026-09-29
- PMID:251696632026-09-29
- PMID:317368952026-09-29
and 125 more.
Measured, not recorded
- Compound
- maltose
- Endpoints measured
- 25 endpoints
- Recorded as a finding
- No
Show what was measured
apparent Michaelis constant (K(M)) for MBP-concentration-dependent stimulation of the MalFGK2 ATPase, comparing unliganded MBP with maltose-bound MBP, by ATPase activity assay
K(M) below 1 microM for unliganded MBP versus approximately 15 microM for maltose-bound MBP
Not recorded as a finding: the direction is carried only as a signed number
The effect of MBP concentration on the stimulation of MalFGK2 was assessed: for unliganded MBP, the apparent K(M) for stimulation of MalFGK2 was below 1 microM, while for maltose-bound MBP, the K(M) was approximately 15 microM.
PMID:19630440 · one of two readings recorded this
stimulation of MalFGK2 ATPase activity by unliganded maltose-binding protein (MBP), proteoliposome phosphate-release assay
increases, Unliganded MBP (2 μM) stimulated the ATPase activity by approximately 50% at 20°C and 100% at 37°C
Unliganded MBP (2 μM) stimulated the ATPase activity by approximately 50% at 20°C and 100% at 37°C.
PMID:19630440 · one of two readings recorded this
binding affinity of maltose for maltose-binding protein (MBP) compared with the transmembrane binding site in MalFGK2
increases, it binds to MBP with a dissociation constant (Kd) of approximately 3.5 μM
When maltose diffuses into the periplasm through the outer-membrane channel maltoporin, it binds to MBP with a dissociation constant (Kd) of approximately 3.5 μM.
PMID:23628288 · one of two readings recorded this
binding affinity (dissociation constant) of maltose for the periplasmic binding protein MalE
increases, an average apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 3.5 μM for maltose at 4°C and 2.2 μM at room temperature
Schwartz et al. reported an average apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 3.5 μM for maltose at 4 °C and 2.2 μM at room temperature using equilibrium dialysis, values that are similar to those obtained with spectrofluorometry.
PMID:31560984 · one of two readings recorded this
binding of maltose-coated PNVCL nanogels to concanavalin A (Con A), precipitation assay with UV absorbance at 278 nm
increases, the interaction of these particles with Con A is indeed strong
Our studies confirmed that the interaction of these particles with Con A is indeed strong (see Figure 11).
PMID:31917581 · one of two readings recorded this
beta-galactosidase synthesis from a malP'-'lacZ fusion, dependent on MalT and an inducer
no effect, only maltotriose induced beta-galactosidase synthesis among maltodextrins tested from maltose to maltoheptaose
We show that, among all maltodextrins tested (from maltose to maltoheptaose), only maltotriose was able to induce beta-galactosidase synthesis.
PMID:3298211 · one of two readings recorded this
beta-galactosidase synthesis from a malP'-'lacZ fusion / MalT-dependent transcription initiation at malPp
no effect
We show that, among all maltodextrins tested (from maltose to maltoheptaose), only maltotriose was able to induce beta-galactosidase synthesis.
PMID:3298211 · one of two readings recorded this
initiation of transcription at malPp in an in vitro transcription system
no effect, neither maltose nor maltotetraose could substitute for maltotriose in supporting transcription initiation
initiation of transcription at malPp required the presence of the MalT protein and maltotriose along with the RNA polymerase holoenzyme; neither maltose nor maltotetraose could substitute for maltotriose.
PMID:3298211 · one of two readings recorded this
irreversibility of maltose translocation across the MalFGK2E pore following ATP hydrolysis, potential-of-mean-force (PMF) simulation
increases, ATP hydrolysis enhances the irreversibility of the transport process
Therefore, ATP hydrolysis enhances the irreversibility of the transport process, being a consequence of the motion of the transmembrane helices.
PMID:34012037 · one of two readings recorded this
bioelectricity generation from maltose oxidation by a 14-enzyme in vitro biobattery, Faraday efficiency
increases, the 14-enzyme biobattery produced 22.32 C of electricity, corresponding to a near-theoretical Faraday efficiency of 96.4%
Within the reaction period of 65 h, the 14-enzyme biobattery produced 22.32 C of electricity, corresponding to a near-theoretical Faraday efficiency of 96.4% (Figure (a), red curve).
PMID:37850132 · one of two readings recorded this
stoichiometric production of glucose-6-phosphate from maltose by a three-enzyme in vitro module
increases, the three-enzyme module produced 1.0 mM G6P within 120 min, indicating the stoichiometric production of G6P from maltose as we expected
In comparison, the three-enzyme module produced 1.0 mM G6P within 120 min, indicating the stoichiometric production of G6P from maltose as we expected.
PMID:37850132 · one of two readings recorded this
competition of free maltose with fluorescent probe Mal-Cz uptake by E. coli and S. epidermidis
decreases, the fluorescence intensity on E. coli and S. epidermidis decreased with an increasing concentration of the free maltose
At a fixed concentration of Mal-Cz (200 μM), the fluorescence intensity on E. coli and S. epidermidis decreased with an increasing concentration of the free maltose.
PMID:37936289 · one of two readings recorded this
maltose-based glycation of BSA lysine residues, detected by LC-MS/MS peptide mapping
increases, providing evidence for the glycation of 51 out of all 59 lysine residues
The sequence of BSA was well covered (Supplementary Fig. S2) providing evidence for the glycation of 51 out of all 59 lysine residues (Supplementary Fig. S3 and Table S1).
PMID:38114873 · one of two readings recorded this
cell death and aggregation of the maltase-deletion strain (dMalX2) following maltose accumulation
decreases, maltose induces cell death and cell aggregation
Maltose induces cell death and cell aggregation.
PMID:38565313 · one of two readings recorded this
growth of xylose-fermenting yeast strain IMX730.1 on xylose in the presence of maltose
decreases, growth of strain IMX370.1 on xylose (25 mM) was inhibited by the presence of maltose
Remarkably, growth of strain IMX370.1 on xylose (25 mM) was inhibited by the presence of maltose.
PMID:38565313 · one of two readings recorded this
yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cell growth inhibition by maltose accumulation, assessed by growth assay in a hexokinase-deletion xylose-fermenting strain
decreases
Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint
Here, we show that maltose inhibits cell growth of a xylose-fermenting specialist strain IMX730.1 that is unable to utilize glucose because of the deletion of all hexokinase genes.
PMID:38565313 · one of two readings recorded this
percentage choice of maltose versus a standard sucrose solution in a discrete-trials operant choice paradigm, modelled by the Multiplicative Hyperbolic Model of reinforcer value
decreases, maximum percentage choice of maltose significantly less than sucrose; concentration for half-maximal selection lower for maltose than sucrose
Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint
The maximum percentage choice of maltose was significantly less than that of sucrose; the concentration corresponding to the half-maximal selection of the test compound was lower for maltose than for sucrose.
PMID:38944130 · one of two readings recorded this
percentage choice of test compound in a discrete-trials choice paradigm against a standard sucrose solution (reinforcer value, Multiplicative Hyperbolic Model)
decreases, maximum percentage choice of maltose significantly less than sucrose; concentration for half-maximal selection lower for maltose than sucrose
The maximum percentage choice of maltose was significantly less than that of sucrose; the concentration corresponding to the half-maximal selection of the test compound was lower for maltose than for sucrose.
PMID:38944130 · one of two readings recorded this
percentage choice of test compound (reinforcer value) in a discrete-trials operant choice paradigm, interpreted via the Multiplicative Hyperbolic Model
decreases, maximum percentage choice of maltose significantly less than sucrose; concentration for half-maximal selection lower for maltose than for sucrose
The maximum percentage choice of maltose was significantly less than that of sucrose; the concentration corresponding to the half-maximal selection of the test compound was lower for maltose than for sucrose.
PMID:38944130 · one of two readings recorded this
preference function shift when maltose is added to a sucrose solution (Experiment 2)
increases, presence of maltose elevated the preference function and shifted it leftwards toward lower concentrations
The presence of maltose elevated the function and shifted it leftwards (i.e. towards lower concentrations).
PMID:38944130 · one of two readings recorded this
reinforcing value of maltose relative to sucrose, percentage choice of test compound in a discrete-trials operant choice paradigm interpreted via the Multiplicative Hyperbolic Model
decreases, maximum percentage choice of maltose significantly less than sucrose; concentration for half-maximal selection lower for maltose than for sucrose
Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint
The maximum percentage choice of maltose was significantly less than that of sucrose; the concentration corresponding to the half-maximal selection of the test compound was lower for maltose than for sucrose.
PMID:38944130 · one of two readings recorded this
sucrose preference function magnitude/threshold when maltose is added to the sucrose solution
increases, presence of maltose elevated the preference function and shifted it leftwards (toward lower concentrations)
The presence of maltose elevated the function and shifted it leftwards (i.e. towards lower concentrations).
PMID:38944130 · one of two readings recorded this
maltose consumption/utilization phenotype across S. eubayanus strains and complemented alleles
increases, heterologous expression of MAL33ChrV from CL467.1 fully restored maltose utilization in the low-utilizing QC18 strain
Functional validation demonstrated that the heterologous expression of MAL33ChrV from CL467.1 fully restored maltose utilization in QC18, indicating the functional presence of MAL33 cis-regulatory sequences and MAL32 and MAL31 genes in QC18.
PMID:41642680 · one of two readings recorded this
maltose consumption/utilization phenotype among Saccharomyces eubayanus strains, mapped by bulk segregant QTL analysis and restored by heterologous MAL33 expression
increases, heterologous expression of MAL33ChrV from CL467.1 fully restored maltose utilization in QC18; overexpression of QC18's own MAL33ChrV allele also improved maltose metabolism
Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint
Functional validation demonstrated that the heterologous expression of MAL33ChrV from CL467.1 fully restored maltose utilization in QC18, indicating the functional presence of MAL33 cis-regulatory sequences and MAL32 and MAL31 genes in QC18.
PMID:41642680 · one of two readings recorded this
maltose consumption/utilization phenotype, QTL-mapped and functionally restored by MAL33 expression
increases, heterologous expression of MAL33ChrV from CL467.1 fully restored maltose utilization in QC18; overexpression of QC18's own MAL33ChrV allele also improved maltose metabolism
Functional validation demonstrated that the heterologous expression of MAL33ChrV from CL467.1 fully restored maltose utilization in QC18, indicating the functional presence of MAL33 cis-regulatory sequences and MAL32 and MAL31 genes in QC18.
PMID:41642680 · one of two readings recorded this
Other names
22 names
Resolves to: maltose
- Also called
- 1-alpha-D-Glucopyranosyl-4-alpha-D-glucopyranose4-(alpha-D-glucopyranosido)-alpha-glucopyranose4-(alpha-D-glucosido)-D-glucose4-(α-D-glucopyranosido)-α-glucopyranose4-(α-D-glucosido)-D-glucose4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose4-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose4-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucosealpha-D-Glcp-(1->4)-D-Glcpalpha-malt sugarCextromaltoseD-(+)-maltoseD-maltoseMalt sugarmaltobioseα-D-Glcp-(1→4)-D-Glcpα-malt sugar
- Systematic name
- alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucopyranosealpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucoseα-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranoseα-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucose