Pathway
Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factors
The helix-span-helix motif and the basic region of TFAP2 (AP-2) transcription factor family members TFAP2A, TFAP2B, TFAP2C, TFAP2D and TFAP2E enable dimerization and DNA binding. AP-2 dimers bind palindromic GC-rich DNA response elements that match the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3'. Most of the AP-2 binding sites slightly differ from the consensus, and individual AP-2 family members may differ in their binding site preferences. Transcriptional co-factors from the CITED family interact with the helix-span-helix (HSH) domain of TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factors and recruit transcription co-activators EP300 (p300) and CREBBP (CBP) to TFAP2-bound DNA elements. CITED2 shows the highest affinity for TFAP2 proteins, followed by CITED4, while CITED1 interacts with TFAP2s with a very low affinity. Mouse embryos defective for CITED2 exhibit neural crest defects, cardiac malformations and adrenal agenesis, which can at least in part be attributed to a defective Tfap2 transactivation. DNA binding and transcriptional activity of TFAP2B homodimers is increased by binding to YEATS4 (GAS41).
What the reference databases state
Statements
12 statements
12 statements · 1 reference database · Subject: Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factors · Sources: Reactome
- CITED1 participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- CITED2 participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- CITED4 participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- CREBBP participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- EP300 participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- TFAP2A participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- TFAP2B participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- TFAP2C participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- TFAP2D participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- TFAP2E participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- WWOX participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only
- YEATS4 participates in Activation of the TFAP2 (AP-2) family of transcription factorsProteinReactome R-HSA-8866907Inferred only