morphine

30-day all-cause mortality

increases, OR 1.59 (95% CI 1.16-2.17), p = 0.004

Not recorded as a finding: node CAT:outcome/all-cause-mortality exists but the only Results sentence for this horizon reports the pooled OR without a direction word in prose (no 'increased' or equivalent) - direction cannot be recorded from the signed estimate alone

However, morphine therapy was associated with significant 30‐day all‐cause mortality (OR: 1.59; 95% CI 1.16 to 2.17; p = 0.004, I2 = 0%) with no evidence of heterogeneity.

PMID:34236089 · both readings recorded this

7-day all-cause mortality

no effect, OR 1.69 (95% CI 0.89-3.22), p = 0.11

Not recorded as a finding: secondary follow-up-horizon subgroup of all-cause mortality; the in-hospital horizon was already recorded as this paper's finding for that node

As shown in Figure 4, the summary OR showed that there was no difference in 7‐day all‐cause mortality (OR: 1.69; 95% CI 0.89 to 3.22; p = 0.11, I2 = 61%) between the morphine and control groups.

PMID:34236089 · one of two readings recorded this

invasive ventilation incidence

increases, OR 2.72 (95% CI 1.09-6.80), p = 0.03

The results showed that morphine treatment was associated with an increased risk of invasive ventilation incidence (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.09 to 6.80; p = 0.03, I2 = 93%) in patients with AHF compared with the control group.

PMID:34236089 · one of two readings recorded this

need for invasive ventilation incidence

increases, OR 2.72 (95% CI 1.09-6.80), p = 0.03

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for incidence of invasive ventilation

The results showed that morphine treatment was associated with an increased risk of invasive ventilation incidence (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.09 to 6.80; p = 0.03, I2 = 93%) in patients with AHF compared with the control group.

PMID:34236089 · one of two readings recorded this

risk of invasive ventilation

increases, OR 2.72 (95% CI 1.09-6.80), p = 0.03

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for ventilation requirement/risk of invasive ventilation

The results showed that morphine treatment was associated with an increased risk of invasive ventilation incidence (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.09 to 6.80; p = 0.03, I2 = 93%) in patients with AHF compared with the control group.

PMID:34236089 · one of two readings recorded this

postoperative nausea and vomiting within 24 hours

increases, RR 1.4 (95% CI 1.3-1.6), n = 1603

Intrathecal morphine increased postoperative nausea and vomiting, with a risk ratio (95%CI) of 1.4 (1.3-1.6), p < 0.0001 (24 trials; 1603 patients; high-quality evidence).

PMID:34448492 · both readings recorded this

respiratory depression

no effect, RR 0.9 (95% CI 0.5-1.7), p = 0.78, n = 1173

Patients receiving intrathecal morphine were no more likely to have respiratory depression, the risk ratio (95%CI) being 0.9 (0.5-1.7), p = 0.78 (16 trials; 1173 patients; high-quality evidence).

PMID:34448492 · both readings recorded this

in-hospital mortality (propensity-score-matched subgroup)

increases, OR 1.40 (95% CI 1.08-1.82), p = 0.01

This was also true for the subgroup analysis performed on the two studies that used propensity score–matched analysis with OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.08–1.82, p = 0.01 (as shown in Figure 1 in supplementary material).

PMID:35343809 · one of two readings recorded this

need for inotropes/vasopressors

increases, OR 2.93 (95% CI 2.20-3.89)

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for vasopressor/inotrope requirement

Morphine use in acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema is associated with 2.93 times increased need for inotropes/vasopressors (OR = 2.93, 95% CI = 2.20 to 3.89).

PMID:35343809 · both readings recorded this

need for invasive ventilation

increases, OR 6.14 (95% CI 5.84-6.46)

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for incidence of invasive mechanical ventilation (distinct from mechanical-ventilation-duration)

Our meta-analysis was carried out to reveal that overall, morphine use is associated with a 6.14-fold increase in the need for invasive ventilation compared with non-morphine use (OR = 6.14, 95% CI = 5.84 to 6.46, p < 0.00001).

PMID:35343809 · one of two readings recorded this

need for non-invasive ventilation

increases, OR 1.85 (95% CI 1.46-2.36)

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for incidence of non-invasive ventilation use

Pooled analysis demonstrated an overall increase of 1.85 times in the patients on morphine compared with controls [OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.46 to 2.36, p < 0.00001; Figure 2(d)].

PMID:35343809 · one of two readings recorded this

incidence of pruritus after Caesarean delivery with neuraxial morphine

n = 6185

The final primary network included data from comparisons of 14 distinct interventions (including placebo) used to reduce the incidence of pruritus in 6185 participants.

PMID:37455197 · one of two readings recorded this

incidence of pruritus after neuraxial morphine

We judged five interventions to be 'definitely superior' to placebo: propofol, opioid agonist-antagonists (neuraxial), opioid antagonists, opioid agonist-antagonists (systemic), and serotonin antagonists.

PMID:37455197 · one of two readings recorded this

incidence of severe pruritus warranting additional treatment

n = 4489

For the network evaluating the incidence of severe pruritus (warranting additional therapeutic treatment of pruritus), data were available for 14 interventions (including placebo) in 4489 patients.

PMID:37455197 · one of two readings recorded this

hospital length of stay

no effect

There were no significant differences in time to extubation and hospital length of stay.

PMID:38722114 · one of two readings recorded this

postoperative morphine consumption at 24 h

decreases, SMD -1.43 (95% CI -2.12 to -0.74), n = 402

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The results showed that postoperative morphine consumption at 24 h was significantly lower in the intervention group (standardized mean difference -1.43 [-2.12, -0.74], 95% CI, P < 0.0001).

PMID:38722114 · both readings recorded this

postoperative morphine consumption at 24 h, mg (opioid rescue consumption)

decreases, standardized mean difference -1.43 (95% CI -2.12, -0.74)

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for postoperative opioid/morphine consumption

The results showed that postoperative morphine consumption at 24 h was significantly lower in the intervention group (standardized mean difference -1.43 [-2.12, -0.74], 95% CI, P < 0.0001).

PMID:38722114 · one of two readings recorded this

time to extubation

no effect

There were no significant differences in time to extubation and hospital length of stay.

PMID:38722114 · both readings recorded this

nausea and vomiting (odds)

increases, TAP and QL block reduced odds of nausea/vomiting vs intrathecal morphine by OR 0.41 (0.21-0.79) and OR 0.33 (0.23-0.48) respectively, implying higher odds with morphine

Both TAP block and QL block reduced the odds of nausea and vomiting by 0.41 (0.21-0.79) (P=0.01) and 0.33 (0.23-0.48) (P=0.002), respectively, compared with intrathecal morphine.

PMID:40074621 · one of two readings recorded this

postoperative nausea and vomiting odds vs TAP/QL block

increases

Both TAP block and QL block reduced the odds of nausea and vomiting by 0.41 (0.21-0.79) (P=0.01) and 0.33 (0.23-0.48) (P=0.002), respectively, compared with intrathecal morphine.

PMID:40074621 · one of two readings recorded this

rest pain intensity at 12 h (VAS)

decreases, MD 1.03 cm (0.05-2.01), P=0.04, favouring intrathecal morphine over TAP block, p = 0.04

Intrathecal morphine was superior to TAP block for pain at 6 and 12 h, with mean differences (Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman [HKSJ] 95% confidence interval [CI]) of 1.21 cm (0.42-2.00) (P=0.01, I2=80%) and 1.03 cm (0.05-2.01) (P=0.04, I2=86%), respectively.

PMID:40074621 · one of two readings recorded this

rest pain intensity at 6 h and 12 h on a 0-10 cm visual analogue scale; incidence of nausea and vomiting

decreases, mean difference 1.21 cm (95% CI 0.42-2.00) at 6h and 1.03 cm (95% CI 0.05-2.01) at 12h, favoring intrathecal morphine over TAP block

Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment

Intrathecal morphine was superior to TAP block for pain at 6 and 12 h, with mean differences (Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman [HKSJ] 95% confidence interval [CI]) of 1.21 cm (0.42-2.00) (P=0.01, I2=80%) and 1.03 cm (0.05-2.01) (P=0.04, I2=86%), respectively.

PMID:40074621 · one of two readings recorded this

rest pain intensity at 6 h and 12 h on VAS

decreases, MD 1.21 cm (95% CI 0.42-2.00) at 6h; 1.03 cm (95% CI 0.05-2.01) at 12h, favoring morphine over TAP block

Intrathecal morphine was superior to TAP block for pain at 6 and 12 h, with mean differences (Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman [HKSJ] 95% confidence interval [CI]) of 1.21 cm (0.42-2.00) (P=0.01, I2=80%) and 1.03 cm (0.05-2.01) (P=0.04, I2=86%), respectively.

PMID:40074621 · one of two readings recorded this

rest pain intensity at 6 h on a visual analogue scale (VAS)

decreases, MD 1.21 cm (0.42-2.00) at 6h and 1.03 cm (0.05-2.01) at 12h favouring intrathecal morphine over TAP block, p = 0.01

Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment

Intrathecal morphine was superior to TAP block for pain at 6 and 12 h, with mean differences (Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman [HKSJ] 95% confidence interval [CI]) of 1.21 cm (0.42-2.00) (P=0.01, I2=80%) and 1.03 cm (0.05-2.01) (P=0.04, I2=86%), respectively.

PMID:40074621 · one of two readings recorded this

rest pain intensity at 6 h (VAS)

decreases, MD 1.21 cm (0.42-2.00), P=0.01, favouring intrathecal morphine over TAP block, p = 0.01

Intrathecal morphine was superior to TAP block for pain at 6 and 12 h, with mean differences (Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman [HKSJ] 95% confidence interval [CI]) of 1.21 cm (0.42-2.00) (P=0.01, I2=80%) and 1.03 cm (0.05-2.01) (P=0.04, I2=86%), respectively.

PMID:40074621 · one of two readings recorded this