acetic acid

efficacy of hemodialysis in eliminating accumulated 5HT and 5HIAA

no effect

HD did not eliminate accumulated 5HT and 5HIAA effectively.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

efficacy of hemodialysis in eliminating accumulated serotonin and 5HIAA

no effect

HD did not eliminate accumulated 5HT and 5HIAA effectively.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

plasma 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) concentration, HPLC with electrochemical detection

increases

In patients with CRI accumulation of 5HT and 5HIAA in plasma with no changes in platelet 5HT content was revealed.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

plasma 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) concentration

increases

In patients with CRI accumulation of 5HT and 5HIAA in plasma with no changes in platelet 5HT content was revealed.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

plasma and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) concentration, HPLC with electrochemical detection, and platelet/plasma serotonin (5HT)

increases

Not recorded as a finding: subject_absent

In patients with CRI accumulation of 5HT and 5HIAA in plasma with no changes in platelet 5HT content was revealed.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

platelet serotonin (5HT) content

no effect

In patients with CRI accumulation of 5HT and 5HIAA in plasma with no changes in platelet 5HT content was revealed.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

renal and fractional excretion (FE) of 5HT

decreases

5HT renal and fractional excretion (FE) was markedly decreased in CRI.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

renal excretion of 5HIAA in hemodialysed patients

decreases

Due to the increased filtration load renal excretion of 5HIAA was not altered in CT patients, however it was decreased in HD patients.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

renal fractional excretion of 5HIAA

decreases

In CRI FE-5HIAA decreased.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

renal fractional excretion of serotonin (FE-5HT)

decreases

5HT renal and fractional excretion (FE) was markedly decreased in CRI.

PMID:11763663 · one of two readings recorded this

morning pain

increases, acetic acid/taping group showed significantly greater improvement than dexamethasone/taping

However for morning pain, the acetic acid/taping group showed a significantly greater improvement than the dexamethasone/taping intervention.

PMID:16488901 · one of two readings recorded this

morning stiffness and pain symptoms of plantar fasciitis after acetic acid iontophoresis versus dexamethasone or placebo iontophoresis, combined with LowDye taping

decreases, only acetic acid iontophoresis maintained the treatment effect for stiffness symptoms at 4-week follow-up compared with placebo and dexamethasone, p = 0.031

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

In contrast, only acetic acid maintained treatment effect for stiffness symptoms compared with placebo (p = 0.031) and dexamethasone.

PMID:16488901 · one of two readings recorded this

morning stiffness symptoms at 4-week follow-up

decreases, acetic acid maintained treatment effect for stiffness vs placebo and dexamethasone, p = 0.031

In contrast, only acetic acid maintained treatment effect for stiffness symptoms compared with placebo (p = 0.031) and dexamethasone.

PMID:16488901 · one of two readings recorded this

percentage of biopsies containing specialized columnar epithelium detected by acetic acid-guided targeted biopsy after magnifying endoscopy versus random four-quadrant biopsy in Barrett's oesophagus

increases, 78% (188/241) vs 57% (159/280)

Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure

Acetic acid-guided biopsies obtained a significantly higher percentage of tissues containing SCE (78%; 188/241) compared to random biopsies (57%; 159/280).

PMID:16813794 · one of two readings recorded this

clinical resolution rate of otitis externa and infected mastoid cavities at 2 and 4 weeks, assessed by otoscopy

38% (12/32) resolution after 4 weeks

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Patients on glacial acetic acid had only 38% (12/32) resolution after 4 weeks (P < 0.0005).

PMID:17184455 · one of two readings recorded this

Resolution of active otitis externa and infected mastoid cavity disease, assessed by otoscopy at 2 and 4 weeks

increases

Not recorded as a finding: the intervention held more than the compound

Glacial acetic acid, dexamethasone and neomycin sulphate is significantly more effective in treating otitis externa when compared with glacial acetic acid.

PMID:17184455 · one of two readings recorded this

per-lesion and per-patient sensitivity and positive predictive value of targeted biopsies for high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia/early cancer, comparing computed virtual chromoendoscopy with conventional chromoendoscopy using acetic acid

87% (26/30) for both CAA and CVC

Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure

The sensitivity of targeted biopsies for HGIN/early cancer on a 'per lesion' basis was 87 % (26/30) for both CAA and CVC.

PMID:17611913 · one of two readings recorded this

taxonomic classification and phylogenetic grouping of acetic acid bacteria genera

In the acetic acid bacteria, ten genera are presently recognized and accommodated to the family Acetobacteraceae, the Alphaproteobacteria.

PMID:18199517 · one of two readings recorded this

overall survival and recurrence-free survival after percutaneous acetic acid injection compared with percutaneous ethanol injection or surgery for early hepatocellular carcinoma

no effect, HR 1.47; 95% CI 0.68 to 3.19 overall survival, and HR 1.42; 95% CI 0.68 to 2.94 recurrence-free survival, PEI vs PAI, n = 261

Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment

Overall survival (HR 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68 to 3.19) and recurrence-free survival (HR 1.42; 95% CI 0.68 to 2.94) were not significantly different.

PMID:19588401 · one of two readings recorded this

overall survival and recurrence-free survival

no effect, HR 1.47; 95% CI 0.68-3.19 overall survival; HR 1.42; 95% CI 0.68-2.94 recurrence-free survival, PEI vs PAI, n = 261

Overall survival (HR 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68 to 3.19) and recurrence-free survival (HR 1.42; 95% CI 0.68 to 2.94) were not significantly different.

PMID:19588401 · one of two readings recorded this

overall survival, recurrence, complete tumour necrosis and complications after percutaneous acetic acid injection compared with radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous ethanol injection for hepatocellular carcinoma

no effect, OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.23-1.33; p=0.18 for survival, PAI vs PEI, p = 0.18, n = 1035

Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment

PAI did not differ significantly from PEI for survival (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.23-1.33; p=0.18), and local recurrence but required less sessions.

PMID:20149473 · one of two readings recorded this

overall survival

no effect, OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.23-1.33; p=0.18, PAI vs PEI, p = 0.18, n = 1035

PAI did not differ significantly from PEI for survival (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.23-1.33; p=0.18), and local recurrence but required less sessions.

PMID:20149473 · one of two readings recorded this

sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher

pooled sensitivity 71.8%, specificity 79.4%, PPV 16.7%, NPV 99.0%

Using random effect method, the pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of VIA-VIAM were 71.8%, 79.4%, 16.7% and 99.0% respectively.

PMID:21294423 · one of two readings recorded this

acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions (writhing)

Cordymin inhibited the acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions in mice in a dose-dependent manner.

PMID:22348255 · one of two readings recorded this

cytokine levels (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta) and total antioxidant status

decreases

Cordymin treatment decreased the levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta and total antioxidant status.

PMID:22348255 · one of two readings recorded this

acetic acid-induced writhing (abdominal constriction count)

Acetic acid-induced writhing and hot-plate tests were employed to study the analgesic effect of glycoproteins and compared with that of aspirin or morphine.

PMID:23747537 · one of two readings recorded this

colon weight/length

increases, p = 0.001

In AA group, mean colonic weights were significantly (P < 0.001) increased compared to control animals.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colon weight

increases, p = 0.001

In AA group, mean colonic weights were significantly (P < 0.001) increased compared to control animals.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic adherent mucus content (Alcian blue binding)

decreases, p = 0.01

Mucus content of rats' colon in AA group was significantly (P <0.01) reduced compared to controls.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic histopathology (ulceration, necrosis, inflammation, edema, goblet cell hyperplasia)

increases

In AA group, a diffused active UC was seen along with severe necrosis and inflammation associated with edema, goblet cell hyperplasia

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic interleukin-6 concentration, ELISA (pg/mg tissue)

increases, p = 0.05

Not recorded as a finding: interleukin-6 node requires serum or plasma concentration; this value is colon tissue

Colonic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively) increased in AA administered group compared to control rats.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic malondialdehyde (TBARS) concentration, colon tissue TBARS assay

increases, p = 0.01

Not recorded as a finding: malondialdehyde-circulating requires serum, plasma or whole blood; this value is colon tissue homogenate, a different matrix

The TBARS levels were found significantly (P < 0.01) increased in AA administered group compared to control rats.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic mucus content

decreases, p = 0.01

Mucus content of rats' colon in AA group was significantly (P <0.01) reduced compared to controls.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) and total protein

decreases, p = 0.01

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and TP levels in colon tissues were significantly (P <0.01) inhibited in AA administered group compared to control animals.

PMID:24507431 · both readings recorded this

colonic PGE2 and nitric oxide levels

increases

In addition there was a marked elevation in PGE2 and NO levels in colon tissues of AA administered group when compared to control (P <0.01 and P <0.05, respectively).

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic PGE2 and NO

increases

In addition there was a marked elevation in PGE2 and NO levels in colon tissues of AA administered group when compared to control (P <0.01 and P <0.05, respectively).

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α)

increases

Colonic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively) increased in AA administered group compared to control rats.

PMID:24507431 · both readings recorded this

colonic SOD and CAT activity

decreases

Activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT were significantly (P <0.01 and P <0.05, respectively) inhibited in the colons of AA administered rats compared to control animals.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic SOD and CAT enzyme activity

decreases

Activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT were significantly (P <0.01 and P <0.05, respectively) inhibited in the colons of AA administered rats compared to control animals.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic T-GSH and NP-SH (sulfhydryl groups)

decreases

Sulfhydryl's either in form of T-GSH or NP-SH significantly inhibited (P <0.01 and P <0.05, respectively) in colon tissues of AA group of animals.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic TBARS (malondialdehyde) level

increases, p = 0.01

The TBARS levels were found significantly (P < 0.01) increased in AA administered group compared to control rats.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic TBARS (malondialdehyde)

increases, p = 0.01

The TBARS levels were found significantly (P < 0.01) increased in AA administered group compared to control rats.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic TNF-α concentration, ELISA (pg/mg tissue)

increases, p = 0.01

Not recorded as a finding: tnf-alpha node requires serum or plasma concentration; this value is colon tissue

Colonic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively) increased in AA administered group compared to control rats.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic total and non-protein sulfhydryl groups (T-GSH, NP-SH)

decreases

Sulfhydryl's either in form of T-GSH or NP-SH significantly inhibited (P <0.01 and P <0.05, respectively) in colon tissues of AA group of animals.

PMID:24507431 · one of two readings recorded this

hospital length of stay

increases, PAI mean 2.2 days (range 2-5) vs PEI mean 1.7 days (range 2-3)

Data on the duration of hospital stay were available from one trial for the comparison PEI versus PAI showing a significantly shorter hospital stay for the participants treated with PEI versus PAI.

PMID:25620061 · one of two readings recorded this

adverse events

no effect

There were only mild adverse events in participants treated with either PEI or PAI such as transient fever, flushing, and local pain.

PMID:25620061 · one of two readings recorded this

overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and hospital length of stay after percutaneous acetic acid injection (PAI) for early hepatocellular carcinoma

increases, PAI arm had a longer hospital stay (mean 2.2 days) than the percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) comparator arm (mean 1.7 days); no trial compared PAI against no intervention

Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment

Data on the duration of hospital stay were available from one trial for the comparison PEI versus PAI showing a significantly shorter hospital stay for the participants treated with PEI versus PAI.

PMID:25620061 · one of two readings recorded this

overall survival

no effect, HR 1.47 (95% CI 0.68-3.19), n = 185

The overall survival (HR 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68 to 3.19) and recurrence-free survival (HR 1.42; 95% CI 0.68 to 2.94) were not statistically significantly different between the intervention groups of the two trials.

PMID:25620061 · one of two readings recorded this

recurrence-free survival

no effect, HR 1.42 (95% CI 0.68-2.94), n = 185

The overall survival (HR 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68 to 3.19) and recurrence-free survival (HR 1.42; 95% CI 0.68 to 2.94) were not statistically significantly different between the intervention groups of the two trials.

PMID:25620061 · one of two readings recorded this

cervical dysplasia prevalence and recurrence in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected women

increases, higher among HIV-infected compared with HIV-uninfected women

Dysplasia prevalence and recurrence were higher among HIV-infected compared with HIV-uninfected women but morbidity from treatment was similar.

PMID:25768874 · one of two readings recorded this

dysplasia prevalence and recurrence, HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected women

increases

Dysplasia prevalence and recurrence were higher among HIV-infected compared with HIV-uninfected women but morbidity from treatment was similar.

PMID:25768874 · one of two readings recorded this

morbidity from cryotherapy or LEEP treatment in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected women

no effect, similar between groups

Dysplasia prevalence and recurrence were higher among HIV-infected compared with HIV-uninfected women but morbidity from treatment was similar.

PMID:25768874 · one of two readings recorded this

performance of VIA as a cervical screening test, prevalence of cervical dysplasia, and complications and recurrence rates after cryotherapy or LEEP treatment

Articles reported on performance of VIA, prevalence of cervical dysplasia, and complications and rates of recurrent dysplasia after treatment.

PMID:25768874 · one of two readings recorded this

performance of VIA, prevalence of cervical dysplasia, and complications and rates of recurrent dysplasia after treatment

Articles reported on performance of VIA, prevalence of cervical dysplasia, and complications and rates of recurrent dysplasia after treatment.

PMID:25768874 · one of two readings recorded this

sensitivity for CIN2+

no effect, VIA 84.0% vs VILI 84.2%, p = 0.98, n = 654

For VIA, sensitivity was 84.0% and specificity was 78.6%.

PMID:25849627 · one of two readings recorded this

test positivity rate

no effect, VIA 26.2% vs VILI 30.6%, p = 0.22, n = 654

The test positivity rates were 26.2% for VIA and 30.6% for VILI (p = 0.22).

PMID:25849627 · one of two readings recorded this

time to clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from chronic infected wounds treated with topical 1% acetic acid versus saline dressing

decreases, acetic acid group required on average 7 days less treatment duration to eliminate Pseudomonas than the saline group, n = 32

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The duration of treatment required to eliminate the Pseudomonas from the wounds in the acetic acid group was on an average 7 days less than that required by the saline group.

PMID:25851059 · one of two readings recorded this

time to eliminate Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the wound

decreases, acetic acid group averaged 7 days less than saline group; 4.5 days in acetic acid group vs 11.5-15.5 days in saline group, n = 32

The duration of treatment required to eliminate the Pseudomonas from the wounds in the acetic acid group was on an average 7 days less than that required by the saline group.

PMID:25851059 · one of two readings recorded this

sensitivity and specificity for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3

VIA sensitivity 73.2% (95%CI 66.5-80.0%), specificity 86.7% (95%CI 82.9-90.4%); VILI sensitivity 88.1% (95%CI 81.5-94.7%), specificity 85.9% (95%CI 81.7-90.0%)

The summary sensitivity and specificity of VIA for CIN2+ were 73.2% (95%CI: 66.5-80.0%) and 86.7% (95%CI: 82.9-90.4%), respectively, and those for VILI were 88.1% (95%CI: 81.5-94.7%) and 85.9% (95%CI: 81.7-90.0%), respectively.

PMID:26014371 · one of two readings recorded this

microbial adaptive tolerance to acetic acid toxicity (growth inhibition via intracellular acidification)

This toxic effect results mostly from acetic acid dissociation inside microbial cells, causing a decrease of intracellular pH and metabolic disturbance by the anion, among other deleterious effects.

PMID:26142387 · one of two readings recorded this

sensitivity and specificity of combined VIA and cervical cytology testing

pooled sensitivity 0.87 (95% CI 0.83-0.90) either-positive case, 0.38 (95% CI 0.29-0.48) both-positive case; specificity 0.79 (95% CI 0.63-0.89) either-positive, 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99) both-positive

Pooled estimates of the sensitivities of the combined tests in either-positive and both-positive cases were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.83-0.90) and 0.38 (95% CI: 0.29-0.48), respectively.

PMID:26320468 · one of two readings recorded this

diagnostic accuracy for specialized intestinal metaplasia

pooled sensitivity 0.96 (95% CI 0.83-0.99), specificity 0.69 (95% CI 0.54-0.81), n = 516

For the characterization of SIM, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, LR+, and LR- for all the included studies (8 studies, 516 patients) were 0.96 (95% CI, 0.83-0.99), 0.69 (95% CI, 0.54-0.81), 3.0 (95% CI, 2.0-4.7), and 0.06 (95% CI, 0.01-0.26), respectively.

PMID:26371851 · one of two readings recorded this

overtreatment rate comparing screening tests for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

58 more women overtreated per 1000 with VIA versus cervical smear

The greatest difference in overtreatment occurred with VIA instead of the cervical smear (58 more per 1000 women).

PMID:26851054 · one of two readings recorded this

FAA metabolite formation (6-OH-FAA, glucuronides, epoxide-GSH/NAC adducts) in mouse microsomes and in vivo

FAA was metabolized in mice.

PMID:27466491 · one of two readings recorded this

metabolite formation (6-OH-FAA, glucuronides, epoxide adducts)

FAA was metabolized in mice.

PMID:27466491 · one of two readings recorded this

acetic acid tolerance and ethanol productivity loss in Saccharomyces cerevisiae under acetic acid stress

It causes energy depletion, inhibition of metabolic enzyme activity, growth arrest and ethanol productivity losses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID:28405910 · one of two readings recorded this

sensitivity and specificity for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+

VILI relative sensitivity 1.11 (95% CI 1.06-1.16); relative specificity 0.98 (95% CI 0.95-1.01) versus VIA, n = 101273

VILI was more sensitive, but not less specific, compared with VIA (relative sensitivity = 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI, 1.06-1.16; relative specificity = 0.98; 95% CI 0.95-1.01).

PMID:28603909 · one of two readings recorded this

sensitivity and specificity of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for detecting CIN Grade 2+ cervical lesions

VIA sensitivity ranged from 16.6% to 82.6%, and specificity 82.1% to 96.8%

Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure

Of the studies that reported test accuracy at CIN Grade 2+, the VIA sensitivity ranged from 16.6% to 82.6%, and specificity 82.1% to 96.8%.

PMID:28704717 · one of two readings recorded this

occurrence and functional role of AAB in natural food fermentation ecosystems

This review summarizes the most recent findings on the occurrence and functional role of AAB in natural food fermentation processes such as lambic beer, water kefir, kombucha, and cocoa.

PMID:28863341 · one of two readings recorded this

molecular architecture and function of PQQ-dependent dehydrogenases (quinoproteins) in AAB

Here, we have provided an overview on the function and molecular architecture of AAB quinoproteins, which can be categorized into six groups according to the primary amino acid sequences.

PMID:30218379 · one of two readings recorded this

food rejection behavior (gustatory)

increases

Here, using the fly, Drosophila melanogaster, we reveal that a member of the ionotropic receptor family, IR7a, is essential for rejecting foods laced with high levels of acetic acid.

PMID:30726729 · one of two readings recorded this

gustatory rejection of food laced with acetic acid, behavioral feeding assay

decreases

Here, using the fly, Drosophila melanogaster, we reveal that a member of the ionotropic receptor family, IR7a, is essential for rejecting foods laced with high levels of acetic acid.

PMID:30726729 · one of two readings recorded this

acute and chronic blood glucose/glycemic response to vinegar intake with meals

decreases, daily vinegar intake of ~10-30 mL improves glycemic response to carbohydrate-rich meals

There is considerable support for vinegar having a positive acute effect on blood glucose levels when combined with carbohydrate-rich meals.

PMID:31221273 · one of two readings recorded this

bacteriocin production, yield and activity in the presence of acetic acid

It was found that acetic acid in the undissociated state can diffuse freely through the hydrophobic layer of the membrane and dissociate, affecting the production, yield, and activity of bacteriocin.

PMID:31336430 · one of two readings recorded this

aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mRNA expression

no effect, n = 31

Furthermore, there was no significant difference in IAA plasma levels or in AhR mRNA expression in both groups after the 4-week intervention.

PMID:32459282 · one of two readings recorded this

correlation between plasma IAA and AhR mRNA expression at baseline

increases, r=0.48, p = 0.03

Nevertheless, a positive correlation (r=0.48; p=0.03) was observed between IAA plasma levels and AhR mRNA expression at baseline (patients included in both groups).

PMID:32459282 · one of two readings recorded this

plasma indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) concentration

no effect, n = 31

Furthermore, there was no significant difference in IAA plasma levels or in AhR mRNA expression in both groups after the 4-week intervention.

PMID:32459282 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial degradation/assimilation of indole-3-acetic acid via iac (aerobic) and iaa (anaerobic) gene clusters

One (iac) is responsible for the aerobic degradation of IAA into catechol, and another (iaa) for the anaerobic conversion of IAA to 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA.

PMID:33037916 · one of two readings recorded this

diagnostic accuracy (SROC AUC) for liver fibrosis staging at thresholds F1+, F2+, F3+, F4

AUC 0.8669, 0.8399, 0.8481, and 0.8858 for F1+, F2+, F3+, and F4 respectively, n = 1599

The areas under the SROC curve for the detection of F1 or greater, F2 or greater, F3 or greater, or F4 liver fibrosis were 0.8669, 0.8399, 0.8481, and 0.8858, respectively.

PMID:33256584 · one of two readings recorded this

fasting blood glucose (FBG)

decreases, MD = -35.73 mg/dL [-63.79, -7.67], P = .01, p = 0.01

Additionally, acetic acid supplementation significantly reduced FBG levels (MD = -35.73 mg/dL [-63.79, -7.67], P = .01) in subjects with type 2 diabetes compared with placebo and low-dose comparators.

PMID:33436350 · one of two readings recorded this

HbA1c, HDL cholesterol, and anthropometric markers (body mass index, body fat percentage)

no effect

No significant effects of dietary acetic acid consumption were seen on HbA1c, HDL, or anthropometric markers.

PMID:33436350 · one of two readings recorded this

TORC1 kinase activity

decreases

Our biochemical analyses further demonstrate that IAA inhibits TORC1 both in vivo and in vitro.

PMID:33690632 · one of two readings recorded this

TORC1 (target of rapamycin complex 1) activity / yeast growth inhibition

decreases

Our biochemical analyses further demonstrate that IAA inhibits TORC1 both in vivo and in vitro.

PMID:33690632 · one of two readings recorded this

TORC1 (target of rapamycin complex 1) inhibition by indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), biochemical assays in yeast in vivo and in vitro

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: the trial gave a chemically different species

Our biochemical analyses further demonstrate that IAA inhibits TORC1 both in vivo and in vitro.

PMID:33690632 · one of two readings recorded this

drought-responsive gene expression in rice shoot and root-to-shoot jasmonate signaling induction following root application of acetic acid

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Expression of drought-responsive genes in shoot under subsequent drought conditions was attenuated by acetic acid treatment.

PMID:33737547 · one of two readings recorded this

drought-responsive gene expression in shoot

decreases

Expression of drought-responsive genes in shoot under subsequent drought conditions was attenuated by acetic acid treatment.

PMID:33737547 · one of two readings recorded this

drought-responsive gene expression in shoot

decreases

Expression of drought-responsive genes in shoot under subsequent drought conditions was attenuated by acetic acid treatment.

PMID:33737547 · one of two readings recorded this

root-to-shoot jasmonate signaling and drought-responsive gene expression induced by exogenous acetic acid application to rice roots

increases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

In this study, we show that rice rapidly induces jasmonate signaling upon application of acetic acid, resulting in physiological changes similar to those seen under drought.

PMID:33737547 · one of two readings recorded this

root-to-shoot jasmonate signaling induction

increases

In this study, we show that rice rapidly induces jasmonate signaling upon application of acetic acid, resulting in physiological changes similar to those seen under drought.

PMID:33737547 · one of two readings recorded this

root-to-shoot jasmonate signaling

increases

In this study, we show that rice rapidly induces jasmonate signaling upon application of acetic acid, resulting in physiological changes similar to those seen under drought.

PMID:33737547 · one of two readings recorded this

yeast growth/viability and regulated cell death under acetic acid stress

Acetic acid stress represents a frequent challenge to counteract for yeast cells under several environmental conditions and industrial bioprocesses.

PMID:34000094 · one of two readings recorded this

skin disease treatment outcomes with vinegar use (wound care, antimicrobial/antifungal effect, pruritus, head lice, striae gravidarum) and adverse skin effects from misuse

Vinegar possesses antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that provide utility in wound care as well as bacterial and fungal infections.

PMID:34350993 · one of two readings recorded this

presence of temperate bacteriophage particles

Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed phage-like particles in 15 out of a total 177 acetic acid bacterial strains, all of which showed morphology similar to myoviridae-type phage.

PMID:34732777 · one of two readings recorded this

temperate phage presence in acetic acid bacterial strains, transmission electron microscopy and genome sequencing

phage-like particles in 15 of 177 strains, n = 177

Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed phage-like particles in 15 out of a total 177 acetic acid bacterial strains, all of which showed morphology similar to myoviridae-type phage.

PMID:34732777 · one of two readings recorded this

cofactor regeneration and electron transport chain function of AAB dehydrogenases in industrial biotransformation

Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are a group of bacteria that can oxidize many substrates such as alcohols and sugar alcohols and play important roles in industrial biotechnology.

PMID:34793881 · one of two readings recorded this

sensitivity of S-VIA for CIN2+

74.56% (95% CI, 70.16-78.95), n = 426

For the diagnosis of CIN 2+, the sensitivity was 74.56% (95% CI, 70.16 to 78.95; I2 61.30%) and the specificity was 61.75% (95% CI, 56.35 to 67.15; I2 61.75%).

PMID:34936374 · one of two readings recorded this

all-cause mortality

decreases, 0.91 (0.85-0.97), n = 2

For the all-cause mortality, pooled incident rate-ratio was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85 – 0.97, p-value<0.01, n = 2) (Table 2,.

PMID:35225450 · one of two readings recorded this

cervical cancer mortality

decreases, 0.68 (95% CI: 0.56-0.81), n = 3

Pooled incident rate-ratio of cervical cancer mortality was 0.68 (95% CI: 0.56 – 0.81, p-value <0.01, n = 3).

PMID:35225450 · one of two readings recorded this

invasive cervical cancer incidence

no effect, 0.94 (95% CI: 0.67-1.30), n = 3

Pooled incident rate-ratio of invasive cervical cancer was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.67 – 1.30, p-value=0.69, n = 3) with a 95% prediction interval of 0.392 – 2.392.

PMID:35225450 · one of two readings recorded this

chronic wound healing progression to granulation tissue with topical acetic acid 0.25% gauze dressing, clinical wound observation, case series (n=2)

increases, n = 2

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

In both cases, the wound progressed to blue-green drainage and wet yellow slough tissue to near-complete beefy granulation tissue.

PMID:35255076 · one of two readings recorded this

chronic wound healing progression to granulation tissue

increases, n = 2

In both cases, the wound progressed to blue-green drainage and wet yellow slough tissue to near-complete beefy granulation tissue.

PMID:35255076 · one of two readings recorded this

wound appearance/drainage and granulation tissue progression

increases, n = 2

In both cases, the wound progressed to blue-green drainage and wet yellow slough tissue to near-complete beefy granulation tissue.

PMID:35255076 · one of two readings recorded this

Bax mitochondrial translocation and cytochrome c release

increases

This was associated with Bax mitochondrial translocation and cyt c release, closely resembling the natural Bax function in the cellular context.

PMID:35362903 · one of two readings recorded this

cell death in yeast expressing human Bax

increases

Here, we found that cell death could be triggered in yeast cells heterologoulsy expressing Bax α with concentrations of acetic acid that are not lethal to wild type cells.

PMID:35362903 · one of two readings recorded this

yeast cell death (Bax-dependent), viability assay

increases

Here, we found that cell death could be triggered in yeast cells heterologoulsy expressing Bax α with concentrations of acetic acid that are not lethal to wild type cells.

PMID:35362903 · one of two readings recorded this

differential protein expression (glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, sugar phosphotransferase system)

decreases

Proteomics analysis evidenced that differentially expressed proteins involved in the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathway, pyruvate metabolism, and sugar phosphotransferase system were all downregulated.

PMID:36125361 · one of two readings recorded this

differential protein expression under acetic acid stress (glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, sugar phosphotransferase system pathways)

decreases

Proteomics analysis evidenced that differentially expressed proteins involved in the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathway, pyruvate metabolism, and sugar phosphotransferase system were all downregulated.

PMID:36125361 · one of two readings recorded this

fatty acid saturation and antioxidant enzyme levels

increases

Meanwhile, saturation of fatty acids and antioxidant enzymes was strengthened.

PMID:36125361 · one of two readings recorded this

fatty acid saturation and antioxidant enzyme levels

increases

Meanwhile, saturation of fatty acids and antioxidant enzymes was strengthened.

PMID:36125361 · one of two readings recorded this

proteomic stress response of Pediococcus acidilactici to acetic acid (glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and antioxidant enzyme protein expression), quantitative proteomics

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Proteomics analysis evidenced that differentially expressed proteins involved in the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathway, pyruvate metabolism, and sugar phosphotransferase system were all downregulated.

PMID:36125361 · one of two readings recorded this

recurrence rate 8 weeks after treatment completion

10 per cent recurrence rate

There was a 10 per cent recurrence rate 8 weeks after treatment completion.

PMID:36682381 · one of two readings recorded this

treatment success rate for granular myringitis after 2 weeks of topical acetic acid solution, and recurrence rate 8 weeks after treatment completion

no effect, n = 47

Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment

After two weeks, the groups' treatment success rates did not differ significantly.

PMID:36682381 · one of two readings recorded this

treatment success rate for granular myringitis

no effect, n = 47

After two weeks, the groups' treatment success rates did not differ significantly.

PMID:36682381 · one of two readings recorded this

clinical improvement in olfactory function (Sniffin' Sticks test)

increases, 88% improved with EDTA plus training vs 60% with training only, n = 50

Eighty-eight percent of the patients treated with olfactory training in addition to EDTA exhibited clinical improvement, while 60% showed improvement in patients treated with olfactory training only.

PMID:37786364 · one of two readings recorded this

nasal secretion calcium level

decreases

Furthermore, a significant decrease in the measured calcium level in the nasal secretions was demonstrated after the use of ethylene diamine tetra compared to patients treated with olfactory training only.

PMID:37786364 · one of two readings recorded this

embryonic developmental ability of porcine oocytes after in vitro maturation with acetic acid, parthenogenetic-activation embryo development rate

increases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Supplementation of the in vitro maturation medium with acetic acid (1 mmol/L) improved embryonic development.

PMID:38781862 · one of two readings recorded this

embryonic developmental rate after parthenogenetic activation

increases

Supplementation of the in vitro maturation medium with acetic acid (1 mmol/L) improved embryonic development.

PMID:38781862 · both readings recorded this

oocyte ATP and lipid content, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species levels

decreases

Oocytes matured with acetic acid had low adenosine triphosphate and lipid contents, mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species levels.

PMID:38781862 · both readings recorded this

phospho-AMPK, phospho-ACC, sirtuin 1, fatty acid synthase, acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 1 protein levels

increases

Immunostaining revealed that acetic acid increased the levels of phospho-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, phospho-acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, and sirtuin 1 and decreased those of fatty acid synthase and acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 1.

PMID:38781862 · one of two readings recorded this

VIA positivity in cervical screening (pooled prevalence)

11.93 (95%CI: 11.48-12.37), n = 21066

The overall pooled effect estimate of VIA positivity in Africa was 11.93 with 95% confidence interval of 11.48 to 12.37.

PMID:38957338 · one of two readings recorded this

odds of detecting CIN2+ by HIV status

increases, odds ratio 5.1 (95% CI 1.2-22.5), p = 0.03

The odds of detecting CIN2+ in women who were HIV positive were 5.1 times higher (95% CI 1.2 to 22.5) than in those who were HIV negative (p=0.03).

PMID:39362749 · one of two readings recorded this

sensitivity of VIA for CIN2+

no effect, VIA 25.0% vs VIA+iodine 50.0%, p = 0.5

Sensitivity and specificity done per protocol for VIA was 25.0% (1/4) (95% CI 0.6 to 80.6) and 82.7% (43/52) (95% CI 69.7 to 91.8), respectively.

PMID:39362749 · one of two readings recorded this

antifungal efficacy of acetic acid, alone and combined with chitosan, against Aspergillus flavus mycelial growth and aflatoxin production, minimum inhibitory concentration assay

decreases, AcA MIC: 0.31 %

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Results showed that CS/extra AcA strongly inhibited the mycelial growth and aflatoxins production of A. flavus at lower concentrations than CS (MIC > 16.0 mg/mL) or AcA (MIC: 0.31 %).

PMID:39396599 · one of two readings recorded this

Aspergillus flavus mycelial growth and aflatoxin production

decreases, MIC: 0.31 % (AcA alone); MIC > 16.0 mg/mL (CS alone)

Results showed that CS/extra AcA strongly inhibited the mycelial growth and aflatoxins production of A. flavus at lower concentrations than CS (MIC > 16.0 mg/mL) or AcA (MIC: 0.31 %).

PMID:39396599 · one of two readings recorded this

fungal infection and aflatoxin B1 production in peanut kernels

decreases

Moreover, pathogenicity test in peanut kernels showed that 8.0/0.16 CS (mg/mL)/extra AcA (%) could effectively inhibit the fungal infection and aflatoxin B1 production.

PMID:39396599 · one of two readings recorded this

fungal pathogenicity and aflatoxin B1 production in peanut kernels

decreases

Moreover, pathogenicity test in peanut kernels showed that 8.0/0.16 CS (mg/mL)/extra AcA (%) could effectively inhibit the fungal infection and aflatoxin B1 production.

PMID:39396599 · one of two readings recorded this

mycelial growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus flavus, minimum inhibitory concentration assay

decreases, AcA MIC 0.31%; CS/extra AcA effective at lower concentrations than CS or AcA alone

Results showed that CS/extra AcA strongly inhibited the mycelial growth and aflatoxins production of A. flavus at lower concentrations than CS (MIC > 16.0 mg/mL) or AcA (MIC: 0.31 %).

PMID:39396599 · one of two readings recorded this

mycelial growth inhibition and aflatoxin B1 production inhibition in Aspergillus flavus by acetic acid, chitosan, and their combination, minimum inhibitory concentration assay

decreases, MIC: 0.31 %

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Results showed that CS/extra AcA strongly inhibited the mycelial growth and aflatoxins production of A. flavus at lower concentrations than CS (MIC > 16.0 mg/mL) or AcA (MIC: 0.31 %).

PMID:39396599 · one of two readings recorded this

calcaneal spur width and length, pain intensity, pain pressure threshold, and foot function (FAAM activities of daily living subscale)

increases, mean differences (95% CI): -1.11 mm (-1.46, -0.77) spur width; -1.34 mm (-1.67, -1.01) spur length; -20.71 mm (-24.66, -16.77) pain; 1.45 kg/cm2 (1.05, 1.85) pain pressure threshold; 12.16 points (9.24, 15.09) function, favouring Group A, n = 147

Between-group differences were observed for calcaneal spur width and length, pain intensity, pain pressure threshold and function after 3 weeks favouring Group A (p < 0.001).

PMID:39704113 · one of two readings recorded this

calcaneal spur width and length, pain intensity, pain pressure threshold, and foot function on the FAAM activities of daily living subscale after acetic acid shockwave phonophoresis

increases, mean differences (95% CI): -1.11 mm (-1.46, -0.77) spur width; -1.34 mm (-1.67, -1.01) spur length; -20.71 mm (-24.66, -16.77) pain; 1.45 kg/cm2 (1.05, 1.85) pain pressure threshold; 12.16 points (9.24, 15.09) function, all favouring Group A, n = 147

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Between-group differences were observed for calcaneal spur width and length, pain intensity, pain pressure threshold and function after 3 weeks favouring Group A (p < 0.001).

PMID:39704113 · one of two readings recorded this

adverse events / complications

no effect

No adverse effects, including allergic reactions, were observed in the AIM group.

PMID:40079452 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic damage (stool score, colonic wet weight, ulcer score) following intracolonic acetic acid instillation used to induce a rat ulcerative colitis model

increases

Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure

UC induction caused colonic damage, with increases in stool score, colonic wet weight, and ulcer score.

PMID:40845959 · one of two readings recorded this

colonic damage (stool score, colonic wet weight, ulcer score)

increases

UC induction caused colonic damage, with increases in stool score, colonic wet weight, and ulcer score.

PMID:40845959 · one of two readings recorded this

pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and PI3K/Akt pathway activation

decreases

PDRN treatment suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and factors related to the PI3K/Akt pathway, while increasing the expression of cAMP and VEGF.

PMID:40845959 · one of two readings recorded this

stool score, colonic wet weight, ulcer score

decreases

PDRN treatment alleviated histological damage and colonic conditions.

PMID:40845959 · one of two readings recorded this

foam cell cholesterol levels

decreases

Moreover, we found that HI-L. rB16 could reduce foam cell cholesterol levels through the Liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) signaling pathway and regulate hepatic lipid metabolism balance by regulating the expression of key lipid proteins.

PMID:41107841 · one of two readings recorded this

hepatic and serum lipid profile / foam cell cholesterol content in HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice

decreases

HI-L. rB16 alleviates HFD-induced hyperlipidemia in mice by reducing cholesterol through acetate-mediated LXRα signaling, demonstrating its therapeutic potential as a probiotic for lipid metabolism disorders.

PMID:41107841 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial biosynthesis pathways and expression level of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and its role in plant growth stimulation

Several different IAA biosynthesis pathways are used by these bacteria, with a single bacterial strain sometimes containing more than one pathway.

PMID:8868227 · one of two readings recorded this