Endpoint
Activities of daily living score
CAT:outcome/activities-of-daily-living-scorereported in score
Method
Score on a validated basic activities of daily living scale (Barthel Index, Katz ADL, or equivalent) rating independence in self-care tasks such as feeding, transferring, toileting and bathing. Where the review pooled unharmonised instruments the estimate is a standardised mean difference; the instrument, or the fact that none was named, is recorded on the edge. The dementia literature reports this as the ADL change score or ADL change scores.
The method is part of the endpoint identity. Studies measuring the same quantity by a different method are held as separate endpoints.
Notes
SIGN INVERSION against the Modified Rankin Scale and the NIH Stroke Scale, which appear in the same stroke tables under the same functional-outcome heading: this scale counts RETAINED ABILITY and improves by RISING, while those two count DISABILITY and DEFICIT and improve by FALLING. This is the most damaging available error in the stroke set. Distinct also from instrumental ADL scales such as Lawton, which cover shopping, finances and transport, have a higher ceiling and are not poolable with basic self-care scales; and from health-related quality of life, which is subjective wellbeing rather than observed function.
Findings
1 finding from 1 compound, strongest first.
Ginkgo biloba — no detected effect on
LikelyGrade B, Likely. Human evidence, limited replication or design limits.FindingNull result“There were no statistically significant differences in ADL change scores between ginkgo and placebo, with SMD = -0.32 (95% CI -0.66; 0.03, z = 1.77, N = 6, p = 0.08) (Figure.”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of Ginkgo biloba in dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Dose
- 120-240 mg daily; where a trial studied several dose levels the higher-dose arm was used
- Population
- Adults with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia or mixed dementia, pooled across six randomised trials whose activities-of-daily-living instruments were not harmonised (GERRI, GBS-ADL, ADL-IS, NAA, NAB).
Effect -0.32 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -0.66 to 0.03
Effects of Ginkgo biloba in dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis.2010PMID:20236541