amount and duration of natamycin released in vitro from beta-cyclodextrin/HP-beta-cyclodextrin-functionalized contact lens hydrogel materials

increases

Not recorded as a finding: the compound is what was measured, not what was given

Overall, DMAA/10% TRIS materials released significantly more drug than HEMA materials (p < 0.05).

PMID:25226305 · one of two readings recorded this

cumulative in vitro natamycin release amount

increases

For both CH and SH materials, functionalization with MβCD and MHP-βCD improved the total amount of drugs released up to a threshold loading concentration, after which further addition of methacrylated CDs decreased the amount of drugs released (p < 0.05).

PMID:25226305 · one of two readings recorded this

duration of natamycin release

no effect

The addition of CDs did not extend the drug release duration; the release of natamycin by all model materials reached a plateau after 12 h (p < 0.05).

PMID:25226305 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin release amount, DMAA/TRIS vs HEMA hydrogel materials

increases

Overall, DMAA/10% TRIS materials released significantly more drug than HEMA materials (p < 0.05).

PMID:25226305 · one of two readings recorded this

release duration / plateau time

no effect

The addition of CDs did not extend the drug release duration; the release of natamycin by all model materials reached a plateau after 12 h (p < 0.05).

PMID:25226305 · one of two readings recorded this

total natamycin released from cyclodextrin-functionalized vs non-functionalized hydrogel materials

increases

For both CH and SH materials, functionalization with MβCD and MHP-βCD improved the total amount of drugs released up to a threshold loading concentration, after which further addition of methacrylated CDs decreased the amount of drugs released (p < 0.05).

PMID:25226305 · one of two readings recorded this

cross-tolerance to amphotericin B and nystatin after natamycin training

increases

One strain (of Aspergillus ochraceus) also showed increased tolerance to amphotericin B and nystatin.

PMID:27589020 · one of two readings recorded this

development of natamycin tolerance (minimum inhibitory concentration) across 20 fungal strains after prolonged natamycin exposure ('training')

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The range of Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (M.I.C.) before (1.8-19.2μM) and after (1.8-19.8μM) training did not change significantly, but natamycin-exposure caused an increase of M.I.C. in 13 out of 20 tested strains.

PMID:27589020 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum inhibitory concentration change after training

increases

The range of Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (M.I.C.) before (1.8-19.2μM) and after (1.8-19.8μM) training did not change significantly, but natamycin-exposure caused an increase of M.I.C. in 13 out of 20 tested strains.

PMID:27589020 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum inhibitory concentration (M.I.C.) of natamycin against fungal strains after prolonged sub-lethal exposure (tolerance training)

increases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The range of Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (M.I.C.) before (1.8-19.2μM) and after (1.8-19.8μM) training did not change significantly, but natamycin-exposure caused an increase of M.I.C. in 13 out of 20 tested strains.

PMID:27589020 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) before vs after prolonged natamycin exposure

MIC range 1.8-19.2 µM before vs 1.8-19.8 µM after; average MIC increased from 6.1 to 8.6 µM in 13 of 20 strains, n = 20

The range of Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (M.I.C.) before (1.8-19.2μM) and after (1.8-19.8μM) training did not change significantly, but natamycin-exposure caused an increase of M.I.C. in 13 out of 20 tested strains.

PMID:27589020 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin and 4,5-de-epoxynatamycin efflux mediated by Mfs1 and NepI/II

increases

Two other transporters located outside the cluster, a major facilitator superfamily transporter Mfs1 and an ABC transporter NepI/II were found to play a complementary role in natamycin efflux.

PMID:27874224 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin efflux / intracellular accumulation

increases

In this work, two ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-encoding genes located in the natamycin biosynthetic gene cluster, scnA and scnB, were identified as the primary exporter genes for natamycin efflux in Streptomyces chattanoogensis L10.

PMID:27874224 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin efflux mediated by ScnA/ScnB

increases

In this work, two ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-encoding genes located in the natamycin biosynthetic gene cluster, scnA and scnB, were identified as the primary exporter genes for natamycin efflux in Streptomyces chattanoogensis L10.

PMID:27874224 · one of two readings recorded this

corneal perforation / need for therapeutic keratoplasty

decreases, natamycin prevents corneal perforation and/or need to perform therapeutic keratoplasty compared to voriconazole

We concluded natamycin probably is associated with better visual acuity after infection, and it prevents corneal perforation and/or need to perform therapeutic keratoplasty compared to voriconazole in fungal keratitis.

PMID:30562337 · one of two readings recorded this

visual acuity after fungal keratitis infection, and corneal perforation and/or need for therapeutic keratoplasty

increases

Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment

We concluded natamycin probably is associated with better visual acuity after infection, and it prevents corneal perforation and/or need to perform therapeutic keratoplasty compared to voriconazole in fungal keratitis.

PMID:30562337 · one of two readings recorded this

visual acuity after fungal keratitis infection and corneal perforation/need for therapeutic keratoplasty, GRADE-pooled reanalysis of three RCTs, natamycin versus voriconazole

increases, natamycin probably is associated with better visual acuity after infection, and it prevents corneal perforation and/or need to perform therapeutic keratoplasty compared to voriconazole

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

We concluded natamycin probably is associated with better visual acuity after infection, and it prevents corneal perforation and/or need to perform therapeutic keratoplasty compared to voriconazole in fungal keratitis.

PMID:30562337 · one of two readings recorded this

visual acuity after fungal keratitis infection

increases, natamycin probably is associated with better visual acuity after infection

We concluded natamycin probably is associated with better visual acuity after infection, and it prevents corneal perforation and/or need to perform therapeutic keratoplasty compared to voriconazole in fungal keratitis.

PMID:30562337 · one of two readings recorded this

visual acuity after infection, and corneal perforation and/or need for therapeutic keratoplasty, compared to voriconazole

increases

Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment

We concluded natamycin probably is associated with better visual acuity after infection, and it prevents corneal perforation and/or need to perform therapeutic keratoplasty compared to voriconazole in fungal keratitis.

PMID:30562337 · one of two readings recorded this

in vitro synergistic interaction (FICI) of natamycin combined with nonantifungal ophthalmic agents against drug-resistant Fusarium ocular isolates, broth microdilution

synergistic and indifferent interactions observed for natamycin with 5-fluorouracil and with timolol, isolate-dependent, n = 8

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Synergistic and indifferent interactions were observed for natamycin and 5-fluorouracil and natamycin with timolol dependent on the Fusarium isolate tested.

PMID:31010869 · one of two readings recorded this

in vitro synergy of natamycin with nonantifungal ophthalmic agents (5-fluorouracil, timolol, EDTA, dorzolamide) against Fusarium ocular isolates, broth microdilution checkerboard

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Synergistic and indifferent interactions were observed for natamycin and 5-fluorouracil and natamycin with timolol dependent on the Fusarium isolate tested.

PMID:31010869 · one of two readings recorded this

synergy of natamycin with 5-fluorouracil or timolol against resistant Fusarium isolates

synergistic and indifferent interactions, isolate-dependent, n = 8

Synergistic and indifferent interactions were observed for natamycin and 5-fluorouracil and natamycin with timolol dependent on the Fusarium isolate tested.

PMID:31010869 · one of two readings recorded this

synergy of natamycin with EDTA or dorzolamide against resistant Fusarium isolates

isolate-dependent synergistic and indifferent interactions, n = 8

Isolate-dependent synergistic and indifferent interactions were also observed for natamycin with EDTA and natamycin with dorzolamide.

PMID:31010869 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin production after exporter gene knockout

decreases, declined over 30%

The production of natamycin declined over 30% after solely knocking out several of these 25 groups of genes in S. chattanoogensis L10.

PMID:31820071 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin production yield after exporter gene knockout

decreases, declined over 30%

The production of natamycin declined over 30% after solely knocking out several of these 25 groups of genes in S. chattanoogensis L10.

PMID:31820071 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin production yield in Streptomyces chattanoogensis L10 following exporter-gene knockouts

decreases, declined over 30%

Not recorded as a finding: the compound is what was measured, not what was given

The production of natamycin declined over 30% after solely knocking out several of these 25 groups of genes in S. chattanoogensis L10.

PMID:31820071 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin production yield in Streptomyces chattanoogensis L10 following knockout of exporter genes identified by genome mining

decreases, declined over 30%

Not recorded as a finding: the compound is what was measured, not what was given

The production of natamycin declined over 30% after solely knocking out several of these 25 groups of genes in S. chattanoogensis L10.

PMID:31820071 · one of two readings recorded this

in vitro checkerboard synergy (MIC) of natamycin combined with chlorhexidine against clinical Fusarium strains

synergistic activity in 10% of tested Fusarium strains

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Combined chlorhexidine and natamycin treatment, in contrast, exhibited synergistic activity for only 10% of tested Fusarium strains.

PMID:32891143 · one of two readings recorded this

in vitro synergy (checkerboard MIC reduction) of natamycin combined with chlorhexidine against clinical Fusarium isolates

synergy observed in only 10% of tested Fusarium strains

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Combined chlorhexidine and natamycin treatment, in contrast, exhibited synergistic activity for only 10% of tested Fusarium strains.

PMID:32891143 · one of two readings recorded this

in vitro synergy (FICI) of natamycin combined with chlorhexidine against Fusarium isolates, checkerboard microdilution

n = 20

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

In contrast, such synergistic interactions were only observed for 2 Fusarium strains (10%) treated with a combination of CHL and NAT (Table. 1).

PMID:32891143 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin minimum inhibitory concentration against Fusarium isolates

4-16 μg/ml, n = 20

CHL, VOR, and NAT solutions exhibited Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of > 16 μg/ml, 2–8 μg/ml, and 4–16 μg/ml to the Fusarium isolates, respectively.

PMID:32891143 · one of two readings recorded this

synergy (FICI) of chlorhexidine combined with natamycin against Fusarium isolates

n = 20

In contrast, such synergistic interactions were only observed for 2 Fusarium strains (10%) treated with a combination of CHL and NAT (Table. 1).

PMID:32891143 · one of two readings recorded this

postharvest sour rot disease incidence in lemon fruit artificially inoculated with Geotrichum citri-aurantii

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Under controlled laboratory conditions, sour rot was significatively reduced by 500 mg L-1 of natamycin, 580 mL L-1 of PTSO and 290 mL L-1 of PTSO + 4% of a food coat, applied by immersion.

PMID:35255244 · one of two readings recorded this

postharvest sour rot (Geotrichum citri-aurantii) incidence/severity in lemon fruit treated with natamycin

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

Under controlled laboratory conditions, sour rot was significatively reduced by 500 mg L-1 of natamycin, 580 mL L-1 of PTSO and 290 mL L-1 of PTSO + 4% of a food coat, applied by immersion.

PMID:35255244 · one of two readings recorded this

sour rot control after refrigerated plus room-temperature storage

decreases, 61% reduction in sour rot incidence

Further exposure at room temperature for 7 d showed a 61% reduction in sour rot incidence compared to the control.

PMID:35255244 · one of two readings recorded this

sour rot disease incidence in lemon fruit

decreases

Under controlled laboratory conditions, sour rot was significatively reduced by 500 mg L-1 of natamycin, 580 mL L-1 of PTSO and 290 mL L-1 of PTSO + 4% of a food coat, applied by immersion.

PMID:35255244 · one of two readings recorded this

sour rot incidence reduction, packing-line spray plus bicarbonate dip vs conventional salt

decreases, nearly 70% reduction in disease incidence

In a packing line treatment, spray application of 500 mg L-1 of natamycin with a previous dip in sodium bicarbonate, resulted in nearly 70% reduction of disease incidence compared to conventional salt application.

PMID:35255244 · one of two readings recorded this

sour rot incidence/severity reduction under laboratory conditions

decreases

Under controlled laboratory conditions, sour rot was significatively reduced by 500 mg L-1 of natamycin, 580 mL L-1 of PTSO and 290 mL L-1 of PTSO + 4% of a food coat, applied by immersion.

PMID:35255244 · one of two readings recorded this

agar spot diffusion inhibition zone against test fungi

decreases

The results of the agar spot diffusion assay represented inhibitory effects of CMC-N coating solution on Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Penicillium citrinum, and Candida albicans.

PMID:35504417 · one of two readings recorded this

inhibitory effect against fungal species by agar spot diffusion assay

decreases

The results of the agar spot diffusion assay represented inhibitory effects of CMC-N coating solution on Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Penicillium citrinum, and Candida albicans.

PMID:35504417 · one of two readings recorded this

mold/yeast population counts and shelf life of high-moisture mozzarella cheese coated with a carboxymethyl cellulose-natamycin film

decreases, 0.6 and 0.9 log cycle reduction in yeast-mold populations at 0.05% and 0.5% natamycin respectively

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

As a result, the coating with natamycin at 0.05 and 0.5% represented a 0.6 and 0.9 log cycle reduction in yeast-mold populations, respectively.

PMID:35504417 · one of two readings recorded this

yeast-mold and total mesophilic microbial counts in high-moisture mozzarella cheese coated with carboxymethyl cellulose-natamycin

decreases, 0.6 and 0.9 log cycle reduction in yeast-mold populations

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

As a result, the coating with natamycin at 0.05 and 0.5% represented a 0.6 and 0.9 log cycle reduction in yeast-mold populations, respectively.

PMID:35504417 · one of two readings recorded this

yeast-mold population count

decreases, 0.6 and 0.9 log cycle reduction in yeast-mold populations

As a result, the coating with natamycin at 0.05 and 0.5% represented a 0.6 and 0.9 log cycle reduction in yeast-mold populations, respectively.

PMID:35504417 · one of two readings recorded this

yeast-mold population counts in cheese during storage

decreases, 0.6 and 0.9 log cycle reduction

As a result, the coating with natamycin at 0.05 and 0.5% represented a 0.6 and 0.9 log cycle reduction in yeast-mold populations, respectively.

PMID:35504417 · one of two readings recorded this

fluorescence increase in sterol-containing membranes

increases

Interaction of natamycin with model membranes results in a concentration-dependent fluorescence increase which is more pronounced for ergosterol- compared to cholesterol-containing membranes up to 20 mol% sterol.

PMID:35914570 · one of two readings recorded this

Lyp1-mediated lysine transport activity

decreases

Natamycin interferes with ergosterol-dependent transport of lysine by the yeast transporter Lyp1, which we propose to be due to the sequestering of ergosterol, a mechanism that also affects other plasma membrane proteins.

PMID:35914570 · both readings recorded this

natamycin binding/fluorescence response in ergosterol- vs cholesterol-containing membranes

increases

Interaction of natamycin with model membranes results in a concentration-dependent fluorescence increase which is more pronounced for ergosterol- compared to cholesterol-containing membranes up to 20 mol% sterol.

PMID:35914570 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin self-aggregation and optical/fluorescence properties in aqueous solution

Not recorded as a finding: physicochemical property of the compound itself, not a defined clinical or biomarker outcome in the closed list

We find that natamycin forms aggregates in an aqueous solution with strongly altered optical properties compared to monomeric natamycin.

PMID:35914570 · one of two readings recorded this

natamycin self-aggregation and optical properties in aqueous solution

We find that natamycin forms aggregates in an aqueous solution with strongly altered optical properties compared to monomeric natamycin.

PMID:35914570 · one of two readings recorded this

sterol sequestration (NMR/ESR)

increases

Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, we find that natamycin sequesters sterols, thereby interfering with their well-known ability to order acyl chains in lipid bilayers.

PMID:35914570 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum cysticidal concentration against Acanthamoeba cysts

median MCC 390.6 μg/ml (IQR 390.6-781.2 μg/ml), n = 9

The range of MCCs for natamycin was 390.6 to 3125 μg/ml, with a median of 390.6 μg/ml (IQR, 390.6–781.2 μg/ml).

PMID:36249301 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum cysticidal concentration (MCC) of natamycin against Acanthamoeba cysts, in vitro microdilution assay

median MCC 390.6 μg/ml (IQR 390.6-781.2 μg/ml), n = 9

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The range of MCCs for natamycin was 390.6 to 3125 μg/ml, with a median of 390.6 μg/ml (IQR, 390.6–781.2 μg/ml).

PMID:36249301 · one of two readings recorded this

relative potency (two-fold dilutions to MCC)

povidone iodine required 5.3 more two-fold dilutions than natamycin to reach MCC, n = 9

Specifically, povidone iodine 1% could undergo 6.4 more two-fold dilutions than chlorhexidine 0.04% (P < 0.001, permutation test) and 5.3 more dilutions than natamycin 5% (P < 0.001, permutation test) before becoming noncysticidal.

PMID:36249301 · one of two readings recorded this

antifungal potency (MIC) against Candida spp. and C. auris isolates

amide 8 MIC 2 µg/mL vs natamycin MIC 8 µg/mL against C. auris

Interestingly, amide 8 was more potent than natamycin (1) against all tested C. auris strains (MIC values 2 μg/mL vs 8 μg/mL, respectively).

PMID:36563312 · one of two readings recorded this

efficiency index (EI) from ergosterol vs cholesterol vesicle leakage

By comparing leakage of contents from ergosterol versus cholesterol containing vesicles, a ratio that characterizes the efficacy and safety of natamycin and its derivatives was determined (EI, efficiency index).

PMID:36563312 · both readings recorded this

in vivo efficacy in a mouse candidemia model (LD50/ED50 ratio)

increases

In vivo experiments with amide 8 showed in vivo efficacy on a mouse candidemia model with a larger LD50/ED50 ratio in comparison to amphotericin B.

PMID:36563312 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum inhibitory concentration against Candida spp. / C. auris

amide 8 MIC 2 μg/mL vs natamycin 8 μg/mL against C. auris strains

Interestingly, amide 8 was more potent than natamycin (1) against all tested C. auris strains (MIC values 2 μg/mL vs 8 μg/mL, respectively).

PMID:36563312 · one of two readings recorded this

chestnut kernel decay/infestation incidence after Neofusicoccum parvum inoculation

decreases, highly significant inhibition of N. parvum infestation, increasing with concentration

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for postharvest crop decay incidence

In contrast to the model group, natamycin emulsion at low, medium, and high doses showed highly significant inhibition of N. parvum infestation, and the inhibition rate increased with the increase in concentration.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

chestnut kernel decay/infestation incidence

decreases, highly significant inhibition of N. parvum infestation, increasing with concentration

In contrast to the model group, natamycin emulsion at low, medium, and high doses showed highly significant inhibition of N. parvum infestation, and the inhibition rate increased with the increase in concentration.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

ergosterol synthesis in the cell membrane of N. parvum

decreases, 50 μg/mL inhibited synthesis by 21.42%; 80 μg/mL by 59.57%

The results show that 50 μg/mL natamycin inhibited ergosterol synthesis by 21.42% ± 0.02%, and, when the concentration was increased to 80 μg/mL, the inhibition rate reached 59.57% ± 0.06%.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

fungal cell wall integrity (AKP leakage) of N. parvum

no effect

In comparison with the AKP activity of the control group, no significant change was observed in the natamycin group at 1/2MIC and subinhibitory concentrations, indicating that natamycin did not cause AKP leakage from N. parvum.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of natamycin against N. parvum

MIC 100 μg/mL; MFC 200 μg/mL

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for antifungal MIC/MFC potency measures against plant pathogens

Natamycin had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 100 μg/mL and a minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 200 μg/mL against N. parvum.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of natamycin against Neofusicoccum parvum, drug-containing plate culture

MIC 100 µg/mL; MFC 200 µg/mL

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for fungal MIC/MFC potency in the closed outcome list

Natamycin had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 100 μg/mL and a minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 200 μg/mL against N. parvum.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

N. parvum mycelial growth inhibition

decreases

Natamycin treatment remarkably inhibited mycelial growth, as shown in Figure 1, and the inhibitory effect increased with increasing concentration.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

Neofusicoccum parvum mycelial growth inhibition rate, agar dilution plate assay

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for fungal pathogen growth inhibition

Natamycin treatment remarkably inhibited mycelial growth, as shown in Figure 1, and the inhibitory effect increased with increasing concentration.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

postharvest antifungal effect of natamycin on chestnut morbidity and storage period at five times the MFC, in vivo chestnut/shell-bucket assay

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for postharvest plant-disease morbidity or storage-life outcomes in the closed list

At five times the MFC, natamycin had a strong antifungal effect on chestnuts in vivo, and it effectively reduced morbidity and extended the storage period.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

postharvest chestnut shell bucket decay rate

decreases

The natamycin emulsion could effectively reduce the decay rate of chestnuts during storage, improve the quality of chestnuts, and prolong the storage period.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

postharvest morbidity (decay) rate and storage period of natamycin-treated chestnuts, in vivo assay

decreases, reduced morbidity and extended storage period at 5x MFC

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for postharvest crop disease/morbidity or storage-duration endpoints

At five times the MFC, natamycin had a strong antifungal effect on chestnuts in vivo, and it effectively reduced morbidity and extended the storage period.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

SOD and CAT enzyme activity in N. parvum

decreases

Natamycin has a strong inhibitory effect on SOD and CAT activity, and both parameters showed a significant decreasing trend as the natamycin concentration increased.

PMID:37175119 · one of two readings recorded this

adhesion of fungal conidia to human corneal epithelial cells

decreases

The Nb also reduced the adhesion ability of fungal conidia to human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs).

PMID:37579912 · one of two readings recorded this

antifungal effect, cytotoxicity and therapeutic outcome in fungal keratitis for a nanobody-natamycin conjugate versus natamycin alone

increases

Not recorded as a finding: the intervention held more than the compound

Nb-NAT treatment of the cornea improved therapeutic effects compared with NAT.

PMID:37579912 · one of two readings recorded this

antifungal growth inhibition, Nb-NAT vs NAT

increases

Nb-NAT showed better antifungal effects than NAT which was caused by the interaction between Nb and β-glucan.

PMID:37579912 · one of two readings recorded this

conidial adhesion to human corneal epithelial cells

decreases

The Nb also reduced the adhesion ability of fungal conidia to human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs).

PMID:37579912 · one of two readings recorded this

corneal clinical scores and inflammatory factor expression in vivo

decreases

It decreased clinical scores and expression level of inflammatory factors.

PMID:37579912 · one of two readings recorded this

cytotoxicity and ocular surface irritation, Nb-NAT vs NAT

decreases

Nb-NAT had less cytotoxicity and ocular surface irritation than NAT.

PMID:37579912 · one of two readings recorded this

fungal growth inhibition via cell wall/biofilm disruption

decreases

we found the Nb specific to β-glucan inhibited fungal growth by disrupting cell wall and biofilm formation.

PMID:37579912 · one of two readings recorded this

therapeutic effect in fungal keratitis (clinical scores, inflammatory factor expression)

increases

Nb-NAT treatment of the cornea improved therapeutic effects compared with NAT.

PMID:37579912 · one of two readings recorded this

Cyp51A/Cyp51B gene expression

decreases

Importantly, natamycin markedly inhibited the expression of Cyp51A and Cyp51B genes in C. fructicola, which was contrary to the results obtained after treatment with triazole fungicide flusilazole.

PMID:37943656 · one of two readings recorded this

ergosterol content of C. fructicola

decreases

Research on the antifungal mechanism showed that natamycin altered the mycelial microstructure, disrupted the plasma membrane integrality, and decreased the ergosterol content of C. fructicola.

PMID:37943656 · one of two readings recorded this

ergosterol content of mycelium

decreases

Research on the antifungal mechanism showed that natamycin altered the mycelial microstructure, disrupted the plasma membrane integrality, and decreased the ergosterol content of C. fructicola.

PMID:37943656 · one of two readings recorded this

expression of Cyp51A and Cyp51B genes

decreases

Importantly, natamycin markedly inhibited the expression of Cyp51A and Cyp51B genes in C. fructicola, which was contrary to the results obtained after treatment with triazole fungicide flusilazole.

PMID:37943656 · one of two readings recorded this

growth inhibition of C. fructicola

decreases

Our findings indicated that natamycin showed significant inhibition against C. fructicola.

PMID:37943656 · one of two readings recorded this

inhibition of Colletotrichum fructicola growth

decreases

Our findings indicated that natamycin showed significant inhibition against C. fructicola.

PMID:37943656 · one of two readings recorded this

postharvest apple fruit quality (physicochemical indices) maintained by natamycin treatment

increases

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for postharvest fruit quality/physicochemical indices in this closed list

Moreover, it efficaciously maintained the apple quality by modulating the physicochemical index.

PMID:37943656 · one of two readings recorded this

postharvest apple fruit quality (physicochemical indices)

increases

Moreover, it efficaciously maintained the apple quality by modulating the physicochemical index.

PMID:37943656 · one of two readings recorded this

cross-resistance between natamycin and carbendazim in fungicide-resistant S. sclerotiorum strains

no effect

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for fungicide cross-resistance testing

No cross-resistance was detected between natamycin and carbendazim.

PMID:38087429 · one of two readings recorded this

cross-resistance between natamycin and carbendazim in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

no effect

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for fungicide cross-resistance

No cross-resistance was detected between natamycin and carbendazim.

PMID:38087429 · one of two readings recorded this

cross-resistance between natamycin and carbendazim

no effect

No cross-resistance was detected between natamycin and carbendazim.

PMID:38087429 · one of two readings recorded this

cross-resistance between natamycin and the benzimidazole fungicide carbendazim in S. sclerotiorum

no effect

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for fungicide cross-resistance testing

No cross-resistance was detected between natamycin and carbendazim.

PMID:38087429 · one of two readings recorded this

EC50 of natamycin against S. sclerotiorum mycelial growth (103 strains)

EC50 0.53–4.04 μg/mL (mean 1.44 μg/mL), n = 103

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for antifungal EC50/potency measures against plant pathogens

Natamycin showed potent inhibition on the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum, and half-maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) values against 103 S. sclerotiorum strains ranged from 0.53 to 4.04 μg/mL (mean 1.44 μg/mL).

PMID:38087429 · one of two readings recorded this

half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of natamycin against mycelial growth of 103 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strains

EC50 0.53–4.04 µg/mL, mean 1.44 µg/mL

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for fungal EC50/mycelial-growth-inhibition potency in the closed outcome list

Natamycin showed potent inhibition on the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum, and half-maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) values against 103 S. sclerotiorum strains ranged from 0.53 to 4.04 μg/mL (mean 1.44 μg/mL).

PMID:38087429 · one of two readings recorded this

oxidative stress markers (ROS, malondialdehyde) in S. sclerotiorum

increases

Natamycin markedly disrupted hyphal form, sclerotia formation, integrity of the cell membrane, and reduced the content of oxalic acid and ergosterol, whereas it increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde content.

PMID:38087429 · one of two readings recorded this

S. sclerotiorum mycelial growth inhibition, EC50

decreases, EC50 0.53-4.04 μg/mL, mean 1.44 μg/mL, n = 103

Natamycin showed potent inhibition on the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum, and half-maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) values against 103 S. sclerotiorum strains ranged from 0.53 to 4.04 μg/mL (mean 1.44 μg/mL).

PMID:38087429 · one of two readings recorded this

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mycelial growth inhibition, EC50 dose-response bioassay

decreases, EC50 values against 103 strains ranged from 0.53 to 4.04 μg/mL, mean 1.44 μg/mL, n = 103

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for fungal pathogen EC50 growth inhibition

Natamycin showed potent inhibition on the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum, and half-maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) values against 103 S. sclerotiorum strains ranged from 0.53 to 4.04 μg/mL (mean 1.44 μg/mL).

PMID:38087429 · one of two readings recorded this

ex vivo transcorneal permeability of natamycin from a cyclodextrin-modified suspension versus marketed suspension

increases, 8.5-fold improvement compared to Natacyn eyedrops

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The transcorneal permeability of NT from NT-RM-βCD suspension exhibited an 8.5-fold (P < 0.05) improvement compared to Natacyn eyedrops.

PMID:38117668 · one of two readings recorded this

ex vivo transcorneal permeability

increases, 8.5-fold improvement compared to Natacyn eyedrops

The transcorneal permeability of NT from NT-RM-βCD suspension exhibited an 8.5-fold (P < 0.05) improvement compared to Natacyn eyedrops.

PMID:38117668 · one of two readings recorded this

transcorneal permeability of natamycin from a cyclodextrin-modified ophthalmic suspension, ex vivo permeation study

increases, 8.5-fold improvement in transcorneal permeability vs Natacyn eyedrops

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The transcorneal permeability of NT from NT-RM-βCD suspension exhibited an 8.5-fold (P < 0.05) improvement compared to Natacyn eyedrops.

PMID:38117668 · one of two readings recorded this

transcorneal permeability of natamycin from an ophthalmic suspension across excised cornea, ex vivo permeation study

increases, 8.5-fold improvement

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The transcorneal permeability of NT from NT-RM-βCD suspension exhibited an 8.5-fold (P < 0.05) improvement compared to Natacyn eyedrops.

PMID:38117668 · one of two readings recorded this

antifungal/antibacterial inhibition zone against Aspergillus niger, E. coli and C. botulinum

clear inhibition zone observed

The attendance of natamycin and ferulic acid inside films created a clear roughness shape with agglomerates on the surface of films and caused a clear inhibition zone for Aspergillus niger, E. coli and C. botulinum.

PMID:38569998 · one of two readings recorded this

antifungal/antibacterial inhibition zone of natamycin-ferulic acid loaded PEG/CMC film against Aspergillus niger, E. coli and C. botulinum

clear inhibition zone for Aspergillus niger, E. coli and C. botulinum

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The attendance of natamycin and ferulic acid inside films created a clear roughness shape with agglomerates on the surface of films and caused a clear inhibition zone for Aspergillus niger, E. coli and C. botulinum.

PMID:38569998 · one of two readings recorded this

moisture content and puncture force of Ras cheese packaged with natamycin-ferulic acid loaded PEG/CMC film during storage

decreases, moisture content decreased from 34.23% to 29.17%

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The utilization of PG/CMC/N-F packaging material on Ras cheese had a noticeable effect, resulting in a slight decrease in moisture content from 34.23 to 29.17 %.

PMID:38569998 · one of two readings recorded this

moisture content of Ras cheese during storage

decreases, decrease from 34.23 to 29.17%

The utilization of PG/CMC/N-F packaging material on Ras cheese had a noticeable effect, resulting in a slight decrease in moisture content from 34.23 to 29.17 %.

PMID:38569998 · one of two readings recorded this

sensory qualities of Ras cheese during storage

no effect

Importantly, these changes did not significantly affect the sensory qualities of Ras cheese during the storage period.

PMID:38569998 · one of two readings recorded this

effect of sphingolipid depletion (myriocin) on natamycin binding to the yeast plasma membrane

increases

Not recorded as a finding: reports how a co-treatment modifies binding rather than natamycin's own action on a single named target; does not fit a single closed mechanism predicate without conflating two variables

Depletion of sphingolipids using myriocin increased natamycin binding to yeast cells, likely by increasing the ergosterol fraction in the outer PM leaflet.

PMID:38806103 · one of two readings recorded this

membrane dipole potential of the yeast plasma membrane during natamycin binding/aggregation

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for membrane biophysical (dipole potential) measurements

Importantly, binding and membrane aggregation of natamycin was paralleled by a decrease of the dipole potential in the PM, and this effect was enhanced in the presence of myriocin.

PMID:38806103 · one of two readings recorded this

corneal toxicity and biocompatibility of nanoparticle formulations

decreases

Furthermore, the membrane coated with macrophage increased the biocompatibility and decreased the corneal toxicity of nanoparticles.

PMID:39467057 · one of two readings recorded this

drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of natamycin in nanoparticles

loading efficiencies 7.6% and 6.7%; encapsulation efficiencies 51.2% and 41.5%

The loading efficiencies of PLGA-NAT@M and PLGA-NAT@M1 were 7.6 and 6.7%, respectively.

PMID:39467057 · one of two readings recorded this

fungal keratitis clinical severity in vivo

decreases

In vivo, PLGA-NAT@M1 significantly alleviated the severity of FK.

PMID:39467057 · one of two readings recorded this

in vitro antifungal activity

increases

Macrophage membranes enhanced the antifungal activity of PLGA-NAT.

PMID:39467057 · one of two readings recorded this

inflammatory cytokine protein levels after fungal stimulation

decreases

In vitro, PLGA@M and PLGA@M1 reduced the protein levels of inflammatory cytokines after fungal stimulation.

PMID:39467057 · one of two readings recorded this

severity of fungal keratitis in an in vivo animal model treated with natamycin-loaded macrophage-membrane-coated nanoparticles

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

In vivo, PLGA-NAT@M1 significantly alleviated the severity of FK.

PMID:39467057 · one of two readings recorded this

severity of fungal keratitis in vivo

decreases

In vivo, PLGA-NAT@M1 significantly alleviated the severity of FK.

PMID:39467057 · one of two readings recorded this

severity of fungal keratitis, ocular surface toxicity and biocompatibility in mice/cells treated with macrophage-membrane-coated natamycin nanoparticles

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

In vivo, PLGA-NAT@M1 significantly alleviated the severity of FK.

PMID:39467057 · one of two readings recorded this

in vitro antifungal susceptibility (MIC) of natamycin against clinical Fusarium isolates, EUCAST microdilution

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

While rezafungin and ibrexafungerp showed no effect on the Fusarium spp. tested, a general antifungal susceptibility of Fusarium against natamycin and manogepix was found.

PMID:40372083 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of natamycin against Fusarium species, EUCAST broth microdilution

MICs usually ranging between 2 and 8 mg/L, n = 142

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

For natamycin, a general effectiveness against the tested Fusarium species was observed with MICs usually ranging between 2 and 8 mg/L (Table 1).

PMID:40372083 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum inhibitory concentration of natamycin against Fusarium isolates, EUCAST microdilution

MICs usually ranging between 2 and 8 mg/L, n = 142

For natamycin, a general effectiveness against the tested Fusarium species was observed with MICs usually ranging between 2 and 8 mg/L (Table 1).

PMID:40372083 · one of two readings recorded this

abundance of pathogenic fungus Diaporthe on jujube surface

decreases

In addition, PNC reduced the relative abundance of the pathogenic fungus Diaporthe, thereby decreasing the decay rate of jujube.

PMID:40451348 · one of two readings recorded this

decay rate and fungal community diversity of jujube fruit surface treated with pectin-natamycin coating, high-throughput amplicon sequencing

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The combined treatment of pectin and natamycin resulted in the lowest decay rate of jujube.

PMID:40451348 · one of two readings recorded this

jujube fruit decay rate

decreases, lowest decay rate among treatments

The combined treatment of pectin and natamycin resulted in the lowest decay rate of jujube.

PMID:40451348 · one of two readings recorded this

postharvest decay rate and fungal community alpha diversity of jujube fruit coated with pectin and natamycin, amplicon sequencing

decreases, lowest decay rate of jujube among treatments

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The combined treatment of pectin and natamycin resulted in the lowest decay rate of jujube.

PMID:40451348 · one of two readings recorded this

postharvest decay rate and surface fungal community diversity of jujube fruit coated with pectin and natamycin

decreases, lowest decay rate observed with combined pectin+natamycin coating

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The combined treatment of pectin and natamycin resulted in the lowest decay rate of jujube.

PMID:40451348 · one of two readings recorded this

surface fungal alpha diversity on jujube

increases

Amplicon sequencing revealed that the application of pectin and natamycin coating (PNC) enhanced the fungal alpha diversity on the surface of jujube.

PMID:40451348 · one of two readings recorded this

cross-resistance and synergy between natamycin and commercial fungicides (tebuconazole, metconazole) against F. graminearum

no effect

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for fungicide cross-resistance/synergy testing

No resistance association was found between natamycin and five commonly used fungicides, and no synergistic effect was observed with tebuconazole or metconazole.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

cross-resistance and synergy between natamycin and five commonly used fungicides including tebuconazole and metconazole against F. graminearum

no effect

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for fungicide cross-resistance/synergy testing

No resistance association was found between natamycin and five commonly used fungicides, and no synergistic effect was observed with tebuconazole or metconazole.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

cross-resistance / synergy between natamycin and other fungicides

no effect

No resistance association was found between natamycin and five commonly used fungicides, and no synergistic effect was observed with tebuconazole or metconazole.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin production by F. graminearum, and expression of DON biosynthesis gene FgTRI5 and transporter gene FgTRI12

decreases

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for mycotoxin production, and the mechanism-claim predicate vocabulary has no gene-expression-downregulation predicate

Importantly, natamycin significantly reduced DON production by downregulating the expression of DON biosynthesis gene FgTRI5 and transporter gene FgTRI12.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin production by Fusarium graminearum

decreases, reduced DON production via downregulation of FgTRI5 and FgTRI12

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for mycotoxin production

Importantly, natamycin significantly reduced DON production by downregulating the expression of DON biosynthesis gene FgTRI5 and transporter gene FgTRI12.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

DON mycotoxin production by F. graminearum

decreases, reduced via downregulation of FgTRI5 and FgTRI12

Importantly, natamycin significantly reduced DON production by downregulating the expression of DON biosynthesis gene FgTRI5 and transporter gene FgTRI12.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

EC50 of natamycin against F. graminearum mycelial growth (47 strains)

EC50 0.93–4.04 μg/mL (mean 2.20 ± 0.59 μg/mL)

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for antifungal EC50/potency measures against plant pathogens

The results showed that natamycin had a good inhibitory effect with the EC50 value ranging from 0.93 to 4.04 μg/mL and a mean EC50 value of 2.20 ± 0.59 μg/mL.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

F. graminearum mycelial growth inhibition, EC50

decreases, EC50 0.93-4.04 μg/mL, mean 2.20 ± 0.59 μg/mL, n = 47

The results showed that natamycin had a good inhibitory effect with the EC50 value ranging from 0.93 to 4.04 μg/mL and a mean EC50 value of 2.20 ± 0.59 μg/mL.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

Fusarium graminearum mycelial growth inhibition, EC50 dose-response bioassay

decreases, EC50 value ranging from 0.93 to 4.04 μg/mL, mean 2.20 ± 0.59 μg/mL, n = 47

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for fungal pathogen EC50 growth-inhibition

The results showed that natamycin had a good inhibitory effect with the EC50 value ranging from 0.93 to 4.04 μg/mL and a mean EC50 value of 2.20 ± 0.59 μg/mL.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

sensitivity of 47 Fusarium graminearum strains to natamycin, EC50 (mycelial growth inhibition)

EC50 0.93–4.04 µg/mL, mean 2.20 ± 0.59 µg/mL

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for fungal EC50/mycelial-growth-inhibition potency in the closed outcome list

The results showed that natamycin had a good inhibitory effect with the EC50 value ranging from 0.93 to 4.04 μg/mL and a mean EC50 value of 2.20 ± 0.59 μg/mL.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

wheat induced disease resistance (ROS burst and defense-gene activation) after natamycin treatment

increases

Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node exists for plant induced disease resistance

Natamycin also enhanced wheat disease resistance by triggering ROS bursts and activating defense-related genes.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this

wheat induced disease resistance

increases

Natamycin also enhanced wheat disease resistance by triggering ROS bursts and activating defense-related genes.

PMID:42493047 · one of two readings recorded this