PENK

[Leu-enkephalin]: Neuropeptide that competes with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress..

[Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe]: Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe neuropeptide acts as a strong ligand of Mu-type opioid receptor OPRM1. Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe-binding to OPRM1 in the nucleus accumbens of the brain increases activation of OPRM1, leading to long-term synaptic depression of glutamate release..

[PENK(114-133)]: Increases glutamate release in the striatum and decreases GABA concentration in the striatum..

[Neuropeptide BAM22]: Neuropeptide that mediates stress-induced opioid analgesia (By similarity). Also possesses non-opioid action by acting as a ligand for MRGPRX1 receptor to induce itch in a histamine-independent manner..

[Neuropeptide BAM8-22]: Neuropeptide that induces itch in a histamine-independent manner as well as nociceptive sensations. Acts as a ligand for MRGPRX1 receptor in sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglion: MRGPRX1-binding in the peripheral nervous system elicits itch and scratching, while MRGPRX1-binding in the central nervous system dampens chronic pain..

[PENK(237-258)]: Increases glutamate release in the striatum..