medullary thyroid gland carcinoma
Findings
No curated finding names medullary thyroid gland carcinoma yet. Everything below is reference data from Mondo, HPO and GenCC, not evidence about what affects it.
Definition
A neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from the C-cells of the thyroid gland. It is closely associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. Approximately 10% to 20% of medullary thyroid carcinomas are familial. Patients usually present with a thyroid nodule that is painless and firm. In the majority of cases nodal involvement is present at diagnosis. Surgery is the preferred treatment for both primary lesions and recurrences. This carcinoma is generally not very sensitive to radiation and almost unresponsive to chemotherapy.
Definition from the Mondo Disease Ontology (MONDO:0015277), read 2026-09-29. CC BY 4.0.
Features
14 features
What the disease is reported to present with, and how often among people who have it — never how often a feature means the disease. HPO, annotations 2026-09-02.
- Medullary thyroid carcinomaHPOHP:0002865
- Obligate (100% of cases)
- Elevated circulating calcitonin concentrationHPOHP:0003528
- Very frequent (80% to 99% of cases)
- Nodular goiterHPOHP:0005994
- Very frequent (80% to 99% of cases)
- DiarrheaHPOHP:0002014
- Frequent (30% to 79% of cases)
- DysphagiaHPOHP:0002015
- Frequent (30% to 79% of cases)
- HyperhidrosisHPOHP:0000975
- Frequent (30% to 79% of cases)
- Lymphadenopathy
Show the remaining 2
- Primary hyperparathyroidismHPOHP:0008200
- Occasional (5% to 29% of cases)
- Weight lossHPOHP:0001824
- Occasional (5% to 29% of cases)
Where it sits
- Narrower terms (1)
Other names
16 names
Resolves to: medullary thyroid gland carcinoma
- Also called
- C cell carcinomacarcinoma of parafollicular cellcarcinoma, C-cell, malignantmedullary carcinomamedullary carcinoma of the thyroidmedullary carcinoma of the thyroid glandmedullary carcinoma of thyroidmedullary carcinoma of thyroid glandmedullary thyroid cancermedullary thyroid carcinomaMTCparafollicular cell carcinomathyroid gland medullary cancerthyroid gland medullary carcinomathyroid gland neuroendocrine carcinoma