hydrops fetalis
Findings
No curated finding names hydrops fetalis yet. Everything below is reference data from Mondo, HPO and GenCC, not evidence about what affects it.
Definition
Hydrops fetalis is a severe and challenging fetal condition usually defined as the excessive accumulation of fetal fluid within the fetal extravascular compartments and body cavities that manifests as edema, pleural and pericardial effusion and ascites. It is the end-stage of a wide variety of disorders. The cause may be immunologic (immune hydrops fetalis, IHF) or non immunologic (non-immune hydrops fetalis, NIHF), depending on the presence or absence of maternal antibodies against fetal red cell antigens (ABO incompatibility or rhesus (Rh) incompatibility).
Definition from the Mondo Disease Ontology (MONDO:0015193), read 2026-09-29. CC BY 4.0.
- Onset and course
- Miscarriage
HPO, annotations 2026-09-02
Features
23 features
What the disease is reported to present with, and how often among people who have it — never how often a feature means the disease. HPO, annotations 2026-09-02.
- Abnormality of the neckHPOHP:0000464
- Frequent (30% to 79% of cases)
- AscitesHPOHP:0001541
- Frequent (30% to 79% of cases)
- Capillary leakHPOHP:0030005
- Frequent (30% to 79% of cases)
- Increased placental thicknessHPOHP:0032548
- Frequent (30% to 79% of cases)
- Nonimmune hydrops fetalisHPOHP:0001790
- Frequent (30% to 79% of cases)
- Small for gestational ageHPOHP:0001518
- Frequent (30% to 79% of cases)
- Abnormal cardiovascular system morphology
Show the remaining 11
- Pleural effusionHPOHP:0002202
- Occasional (5% to 29% of cases)
- PolyhydramniosHPOHP:0001561
- Occasional (5% to 29% of cases)
- Severe infectionHPOHP:0032169
- Occasional (5% to 29% of cases)
- Abnormal heart morphologyHPOHP:0001627
- Very rare (1% to 4% of cases)
- Abnormality of the gastrointestinal tractHPOHP:0011024
- Very rare (1% to 4% of cases)
- Abnormality of the lymphatic systemHPOHP:0100763
- Very rare (1% to 4% of cases)
Genes
4 genes
Germline variants in the gene encoding each protein, as classified by GenCC submitters, each in their own words. Limited, disputed and refuted submissions are listed too.
Where it sits
- Narrower terms (2)
Other names
8 names
Resolves to: hydrops fetalis
- Also called
- fetal anasarcafetal hydropsfoetal anasarcafoetal hydropsgeneralised foetal oedemageneralized fetal edemaHFhydrops fetalis (disease)