Compound
canthaxanthin
A trans-carotenoid pigment widely distributed in nature. The compound is used as an oral suntanning agent and as a food and drug coloring agent. Oral ingestion of the compound causes canthaxanthin retinopathy.
Structure
Loading the model…
- Class
- Organic compound
- Formula
- C40H52O2
- Mass
- 564.854 g/mol
- Charge
- 0
- InChIKey
- FDSDTBUPSURDBL-DKLMTRRASA-N
- SMILES
- CC1=C(/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C(C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C2=C(C)C(=O)CCC2(C)C)C(C)(C)CCC1=O
- Look it up
- ChEBIPubChemBy InChIKey
Identity from ChEBI, geometry from PubChem. Not evidence.
Reactions
2 reactions
CHEBI:140676canthaxanthin+water
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:48268CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:4746+2AH2+2dioxygencanthaxanthin+2A+3water
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:55664CC BY 4.0Reference data
Papers screened
20 papers
- Compound
- canthaxanthin
- Screened
- 20
- Admitted
- 0
- Discarded
- 3
- Not read
- 17
Discarded: another reason, stated per paper2 papers
- PMID:12379428no claim extracted — cause not determined (one pass only) — measured: hepatic and renal xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme induction (EROD, MROD, PROD, BROD, glucuronosyl transferase, glutathione-S-transferase activity)2026-09-29
- PMID:9172019no claim extracted — cause not determined (one pass only) — measured: carotenoid-stimulated mitogenic/proliferative response of murine spleen cells and thymocytes in vitro2026-09-29
Discarded: an endpoint this vocabulary does not hold1 paper
- PMID:10470126claims extracted but the object named resolved to no node — recorded in candidate_nodes (ADR-0070)2026-09-29
Not read yet17 papers
- PMID:213463892026-09-29
- PMID:77857002026-09-29
- PMID:314024762026-09-29
- PMID:158230092026-09-29
- PMID:354687982026-09-29
- PMID:232055202026-09-29
- PMID:236694082026-09-29
- PMID:188036582026-09-29
- PMID:21257962026-09-29
- PMID:14973492026-09-29
- PMID:13275142026-09-29
- PMID:19342962026-09-29
and 5 more.
Measured, not recorded
- Compound
- canthaxanthin
- Endpoints measured
- 15 endpoints
- Recorded as a finding
- No
Show what was measured
dose-response of tumor growth inhibition (0.1% vs 0.4% dietary carotenoid)
no effect
Mice fed 0.4% beta-carotene or canthaxanthin did not show further increases in tumor growth inhibition compared to those fed 0.1% of each carotenoid.
PMID:10470126 · one of two readings recorded this
mammary tumor volume / growth
decreases
In general, all three carotenoids decreased mammary tumor volume.
PMID:10470126 · one of two readings recorded this
mammary tumor volume / tumor growth inhibition
decreases
Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for tumor volume/growth inhibition in a mouse xenograft model; not the same construct as the human tumour-response-rate or cancer-incidence nodes
In general, all three carotenoids decreased mammary tumor volume.
PMID:10470126 · one of two readings recorded this
mammary tumor volume
decreases
Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node in the closed list for mammary tumor volume/growth inhibition
In general, all three carotenoids decreased mammary tumor volume.
PMID:10470126 · one of two readings recorded this
tissue canthaxanthin concentration (plasma and tumor)
increases
However, in tumor tissues, the concentration of canthaxanthin (4.9 to 6.0 nmol/g) was higher than that of beta-carotene (0.2 to 0.5 nmol/g) and astaxanthin (1.2 to 2.7 nmol/g).
PMID:10470126 · one of two readings recorded this
tumor lipid peroxidation activity
no effect
Lipid peroxidation activity in tumors was lower (P < 0.05) in mice fed 0.4% astaxanthin, but not in those fed beta-carotene and canthaxanthin.
PMID:10470126 · one of two readings recorded this
tumor tissue carotenoid concentration
increases
However, in tumor tissues, the concentration of canthaxanthin (4.9 to 6.0 nmol/g) was higher than that of beta-carotene (0.2 to 0.5 nmol/g) and astaxanthin (1.2 to 2.7 nmol/g).
PMID:10470126 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic and renal cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and conjugating (glucuronosyl transferase, glutathione-S-transferase) enzyme activities
Results revealed that carotenoid treatment did not significantly (P>0.05) induce any enzyme system examined.
PMID:12379428 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic and renal xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities (cytochrome P450 monooxygenases: ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase, methoxyresorufin O-demethylase, pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase, benzoxyresorufin O-dearylase; and conjugating enzymes glucuronosyl transferase and glutathione-S-transferase) in rainbow trout
no effect
Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint
Results revealed that carotenoid treatment did not significantly (P>0.05) induce any enzyme system examined.
PMID:12379428 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic and renal xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities (EROD, MROD, PROD, BROD, glucuronosyl transferase, glutathione-S-transferase)
no effect
Results revealed that carotenoid treatment did not significantly (P>0.05) induce any enzyme system examined.
PMID:12379428 · one of two readings recorded this
cell proliferative response of spleen cells and thymocytes
increases
beta-Carotene, canthaxanthin and astaxanthin caused significant stimulatory effects on the cell proliferative response of spleen cells and thymocytes from BALB/c mice at the concentrations of 2 x 10(-8) to 10(-7) M, although they showed the activities different from each other.
PMID:9172019 · one of two readings recorded this
cell proliferative response of spleen cells and thymocytes
increases
beta-Carotene, canthaxanthin and astaxanthin caused significant stimulatory effects on the cell proliferative response of spleen cells and thymocytes from BALB/c mice at the concentrations of 2 x 10(-8) to 10(-7) M, although they showed the activities different from each other.
PMID:9172019 · one of two readings recorded this
in vitro cell proliferative response of spleen cells and thymocytes from BALB/c mice
increases
Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint
beta-Carotene, canthaxanthin and astaxanthin caused significant stimulatory effects on the cell proliferative response of spleen cells and thymocytes from BALB/c mice at the concentrations of 2 x 10(-8) to 10(-7) M, although they showed the activities different from each other.
PMID:9172019 · one of two readings recorded this
polyclonal antibody (IgM and IgG) production by murine spleen cells
increases
Canthaxanthin expressed moderate activities at the same concentrations.
PMID:9172019 · one of two readings recorded this
polyclonal antibody (immunoglobulin M and G) production of spleen cells
increases
Canthaxanthin expressed moderate activities at the same concentrations.
PMID:9172019 · one of two readings recorded this
Other names
12 names
Resolves to: canthaxanthin
- Also called
- 4,4'-dioxo-beta-carotene4,4'-dioxo-β-caroteneall-trans-beta-carotene-4,4'-dioneall-trans-β-carotene-4,4'-dioneAphanicinCarophyll RedChlorellaxanthinE 161gFood Orange 8Orobronze
- Systematic name
- beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dioneβ,β-carotene-4,4'-dione